Wind, wave and earthquake responses of offshore wind turbine on monopile foundation in clay

Renewable energies are the future, and offshore wind is undoubtedly one of the renewable energy sources for the future. Foundations of offshore wind turbines are essential for its right development. There are several types: monopiles, gravity-based structures, jackets, tripods, floating support, etc., being the first ones that are most used up to now. This manuscript begins with a review of the offshore wind power installed around the world and the exposition of the different types of foundations in the industry. For that, a database has been created, and all the data are being processed to be exposed in clear graphic summarizing the current use of the different foundation types, considering mainly distance to the coast and water depth. Later, the paper includes an analysis of the evolution and parameters of the design of monopiles, including wind turbine and monopile characteristics. Some monomials are considered in this specific analysis and also the soil type. So, a general view of the current state of monopile foundations is achieved, based on a database with the offshore wind farms in operation.

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“…The monopile continues down into the soil. The structure is made of cylindrical steel tubes [62,63].…”

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confidence: 99%

Foundations in Offshore Wind Farms: Evolution, Characteristics and Range of Use. Analysis of Main Dimensional Parameters in Monopile Foundations

Avila-Sanchez

Gutiérrez

Negro

et al. 2019

JMSE

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“…It is well known that the SSI can have significant influence on the seismic responses of structures. Generally, two methods including the integrated finite element model [30][31][32] and the substructure model [33][34][35] are always adopted to model the SSI on the dynamic responses of offshore structures subjected to earthquake action. e integrated finite element model is inconvenient to use the model in structural seismic design because of its long time costs in modeling and calculation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Fragility Analysis of Bridge Group Pile Foundations considering Fluid-Pile-Soil Interaction

Zhang

Wang

2020

Shock and Vibration

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The cross-sea bridges play an important role to promote the development of regional economy. These bridges located in earthquake-prone areas may be subjected to severe earthquakes during their lifetime. Group pile foundations have been widely used in cross-sea bridges due to their structural efficiency, ease of construction, and low cost. This paper investigates the seismic performance of bridge pile foundation based on the seismic fragility analysis. Based on the analysis platform OpenSees, the three-dimensional finite model of the bridge pile foundation is developed, where the pile-water interaction is replaced by the added mass method, nonlinear p-y, t-z, and q-z elements are used to simulate pile-soil interaction, and the displacement of the surface ground motion due to seismic excitations is applied on all spring supports. The seismic fragility curves of the bridge pile foundation are generated by using the earthquake records recommended by FEMA P695 as input motions. The curvature ductility based fragility curves are obtained using seismic responses for different peak ground accelerations. The effects of pile-water interaction, soil conditions, and different types of ground motions on the bridge pier fragilities are studied and discussed. Seismic fragility of the pier-group pile system shows that Sec C (the bottom section of the pier) is the most vulnerable section in the example fluid-structure-soil interaction (FSSI) system for all four damage LSs. The seismic responses of Sec E (a pile section located at the interface of the soil layer and water layer) are much lower than other sections. The parameter analysis shows that pile-water interaction has slight influence (less than 5%) on the fragility curves of the bridge pier. For the bridge group pile foundations considering the fluid-pile-soil interaction, PNF may induce larger seismic response than far-field (FF) and no-pulse near field (NNF). The bridge pile foundation in stiff soil is most vulnerable to seismic damage than soft condition.

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“…Wang et al [18] investigated the seismic response of largecapacity wind turbine through a series of centrifuge tests. Wang et al [19] studied the dynamic responses of offshore wind turbine supported on monopile foundation subjected to wind, wave, and earthquake actions based on the opensource software platform OpenSees. From these studies, it should be noted that although the dynamic responses of wind turbines subjected to seismic-aerodynamic combination have been attracted the attention of many researchers, the rotor speed and blade-pitch angle were assumed constant in many literature studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Influence of Baseline Control System on the Fragility of Large‐Scale Wind Turbine considering Seismic‐Aerodynamic Combination

Yuan

Chen

et al. 2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of the baseline control system (BCS) on the fragility of large-scale wind turbine when seismic and wind actions are considered simultaneously. The BCS is used to control the power output by regulating rotor speed and blade-pitch angle in real time. In this study, the fragility analysis was performed and compared between two models using different peak ground acceleration, wind speeds, and specified critical levels. The fragility curves with different wind conditions are obtained using the multiple stripe analysis (MSA) method. The calculation results show that the probability of exceedance specified critical level increases as the wind speed increases in model 1 without considering BCS, while does not have an obvious change in the below-rated wind speed range and has a significant decrease in the above-rated wind speed range in model 2 with considering BCS. The comparison depicts that if the BCS is neglected, the fragility of large-scale wind turbine will be underestimated in around the cut-in wind speed range and overestimated in the over-rated wind speed range. It is concluded that the BCS has a great effect on the fragility especially within the operating conditions when the rated wind speed is exceeded, and it should be considered when estimating the fragility of wind turbine subjected to the interaction of seismic and aerodynamic loads.

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Wind, wave and earthquake responses of offshore wind turbine on monopile foundation in clay

Cited by 137 publications

References 54 publications

Foundations in Offshore Wind Farms: Evolution, Characteristics and Range of Use. Analysis of Main Dimensional Parameters in Monopile Foundations

Foundations in Offshore Wind Farms: Evolution, Characteristics and Range of Use. Analysis of Main Dimensional Parameters in Monopile Foundations

Seismic Fragility Analysis of Bridge Group Pile Foundations considering Fluid-Pile-Soil Interaction

Study on the Influence of Baseline Control System on the Fragility of Large‐Scale Wind Turbine considering Seismic‐Aerodynamic Combination

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