Wind wave-forced fine sediment erosion during the slack water periods in Hangzhou Bay, China

Wind‐enhanced resuspension in the shallow waters of South San Francisco Bay: Mechanisms and potential implications for cohesive sediment transport

“…On the basis of the timing between wave shear enhancement, current induced shear and vertical turbulent sediment flux (Figure 8), we can investigate the mechanism for enhanced sediment resuspension at our site more closely. While it is sufficient to use u * w as a measure of the influence of waves on sediment erosion [e.g., Shi et al , 2006, 2007], this is not applicable under the presence of currents, since waves and currents interact in a nonlinear way. On one hand, waves cause an increase in bottom roughness by forming a wave boundary layer, on the other hand, u * cw results from the vector addition of τ c and τ w and the actual effect of the wave contribution to total bottom shear can be smaller than u * w (compare ).…”

“… Sanford [1994] observed that wave forced resuspension resulted in sediment concentrations which were 3–5 times as high as concentrations due to tidal resuspension in upper Chesapeake Bay. Model studies using the wave simulation model SWAN in combination with simple bed stress and sediment bed load models highlighted the importance of wind waves for fine sand transport at the shallow margins of Tampa Bay, Florida [ Shi et al , 2006] and in Hangzhou Bay, China [ Shi et al , 2007]. Waves in bays and estuaries are generated by swell and wind.…”

Tidal resuspension and transport processes of fine sediment within the river plume in the partially-mixed Changjiang River estuary, China: A personal perspective

“…Within the estuary the driving hydrodynamic forces are variable on a number of time-scales, ranging from the tidal period through the spring-neap cycle, to the seasonal, with additional intermittent pulses created by storm winds and river floods (Dyer et al, 2002). Wind waves have also been observed to resuspend and transport bottom fine sediments in the tidal estuary, e.g., Chesapeake Bay, USA (Ward et al, 1984;Sanford, 1994), and Hangzhou Bay, China (Shi et al, 2008). Chen et al (2001) gave a brief overview of the progress of estuarine research in China over last 50 years.…”

Suspended sediment dynamics in macrotidal turbid Hangzhou Bay during Typhoon Chan-hom

“…Reclamation and other marine engineering changed the estuarine bathymetry. Researchers have focused on setting parameters of suspended cohesive sediments (Wang et al, 2018a), the effect of waves on the sediment flushing process (Lu et al, 2019), the variation in near-bottom flow velocity for different wind directions, and sediment erosion rate under with wind directions and speeds (Shi et al, 2008). The spring-neap tides control SSC distribution and variation in shallow coastal areas.…”