Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost-Benefit Analysis Tool (WOMBAT)

Hammond, Robert; Cooperman, Aubryn

doi:10.2172/1894867

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…There exists different O&M models in literature 32 with a focus on understanding the underlying O&M mechanism along with using such models as decision‐making tools to arrive at the right design choices. In this work, WOMBAT (Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost‐Benefit Analysis Tool) 33 is used as the O&M tool to simulate the lifecycle of the FOWF. WOMBAT is a discrete‐event simulation tool with the function to analyze the O&M phase of a wind farm from a technical and financial viewpoint.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Illustration of the operations and maintenance (O&M) model methodology. Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost‐Benefit Analysis Tool (WOMBAT) simulation details adjusted from Hammond et al 33 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F I G U R E 2 Illustration of the operations and maintenance (O&M) model methodology. Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost-Benefit Analysis Tool (WOMBAT) simulation details adjusted from Hammond et al 33 6) The steps 1 to 5 are repeated for the baseline case, and the difference in the logged outputs is determined.…”

Section: Oandm Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost‐benefit assessment framework for robotics‐driven inspection of floating offshore wind farms

Khalid,

Hao,

MacDonald

et al. 2023

Wind Energy

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Operations and maintenance (O&M) of floating offshore wind farms (FOWFs) poses various challenges in terms of greater distances from the shore, harsher weather conditions, and restricted mobility options. Robotic systems have the potential to automate some parts of the O&M leading to continuous feature‐rich data acquisition, operational efficiency, along with health and safety improvements. There remains a gap in assessing the techno‐economic feasibility of robotics in the FOWF sector. This paper investigates the costs and benefits of incorporating robotics into the O&M of a FOWF. A bottom‐up cost model is used to estimate the costs for a proposed multi‐robot platform (MRP). The MRP houses unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to conduct the inspection of specific FOWF components. Emphasis is laid on the most conducive O&M activities for robotization and the associated technical and cost aspects. The simulation is conducted in Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost‐Benefit Analysis Tool (WOMBAT), where the metrics of incurred operational expenditure (OPEX) and the inspection time are calculated and compared with those of a baseline case consisting of crew transfer vessels, rope‐access technicians, and divers. Results show that the MRP can reduce the inspection time incurred, but this reduction has dependency on the efficacy of the robotic system and the associated parameterization e.g., cost elements and the inspection rates. Conversely, the increased MRP day rate results in a higher annualized OPEX. Residual risk is calculated to assess the net benefit of incorporating the MRP. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is conducted to find the key parameters influencing the OPEX and the inspection time variation. A key output of this work is a robust and realistic framework which can be used for the cost‐benefit assessment of future MRP systems for specific FOWF activities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost‐benefit assessment framework for robotics‐driven inspection of floating offshore wind farms

Khalid,

Hao,

MacDonald

et al. 2023

Wind Energy

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“…We model a 1-GW floating offshore wind project comprising 15-MW wind turbines; semisubmersible floating platforms; semitaut mooring systems with drag embedment anchors; dynamic, 132-kilovolt high-voltage alternating current array cables; and 320-kilovolt highvoltage direct current export cables. We use the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) Offshore Renewables Balance-of-system and Installation Tool (ORBIT) (Nunemaker et al 2020) to estimate capital costs and installation times and NREL's Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost-Benefit Analysis Tool (WOMBAT) (Hammond and Cooperman 2022) to estimate operational expenditures, time-based availability, and annual energy production (AEP).…”

Section: Offshore Wind Energy Project Cost and Logisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We estimated operational expenditures and energy production using NREL's Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost-Benefit Analysis Tool (WOMBAT) (Hammond and Cooperman 2022). WOMBAT uses a discrete event simulation approach to model scheduled and unscheduled maintenance during the lifetime of a wind power plant.…”

Section: Operations Phase Cost and Logisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Developing a Port Network for Floating Offshore Wind Energy on the West Coast of the United States

Shields,

Cooperman,

Kreider

et al. 2023

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Developing a system of ports that can enable commercial-scale floating offshore wind energy development on the West Coast of the United States will require significant investment and coordination between governments, industry, port authorities, and local communities. A critical first step to strategically planning these resources is understanding the number of ports (and associated investment) that would be required to support different phases of offshore wind energy project development, including manufacturing, installation, and operation. But simply tallying up these costs is not sufficient to understand how a robust network of ports could impact local communities, the environment, workforce development, the offshore wind industry, and the West Coast region as a whole. Decision-makers should consider a broader set of information about these potential effects to understand how strategic investments could enable the most beneficial outcomes of a West Coast floating offshore wind energy port network.In this report, the authors present analyses and perspectives related to port development in California, Oregon, and Washington. We describe the requirements for ports to support floating offshore wind manufacturing, installation, and/or service activities, and estimate the investment and time frames required to construct these ports at suitable locations in West Coast states. We develop indicators for the vulnerability and workforce accessibility of coastal communities and consider the potential risks and benefits associated with port development in these locations. We model how the proximity of an offshore wind project to installation and operations ports can impact the levelized cost of energy of the project, and then consider how these costs could be affected by local versus foreign supply chains. We build on these analyses by developing scenarios with increasing levels of offshore wind deployment and port assets on the West Coast and show how these ports could help achieve deployment goals. Finally, we draw upon outreach with key floating offshore wind stakeholders to summarize five key challenges that will need to be overcome to develop a comprehensive port network, and present potential approaches that could help address these obstacles. The key findings of this study include the following:• Developing a port site 1 to support floating offshore wind project installation (referred to as a staging and integration site) could cost around $1 billion and take around 10 years. Government agencies, port authorities, offshore wind energy developers and technology providers, workforce organizations (including organized labor), community representatives, vessel operators, tribes, and other organizations will likely have to collaborate to effectively fund, plan, and develop these port sites in a strategic, equitable, and timely manner.1 A port site is a location within a port that encompasses a wharf (to tie up and load/unload vessels) and upland area (for component storage and manufacturing activities). In this report, we...

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Levelized Cost of Energy Comparison of Floating Wind Farms With and Without Shared Anchors

Housner,

Hernando

2024

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Windfarm Operations and Maintenance cost-Benefit Analysis Tool (WOMBAT)

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Cost‐benefit assessment framework for robotics‐driven inspection of floating offshore wind farms

Cost‐benefit assessment framework for robotics‐driven inspection of floating offshore wind farms

The Impacts of Developing a Port Network for Floating Offshore Wind Energy on the West Coast of the United States

Levelized Cost of Energy Comparison of Floating Wind Farms With and Without Shared Anchors

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