Window-Based Energy Selecting X-ray Imaging and Charge Sharing in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Linear Array Detectors for Contaminant Detection

Buttacavoli, Antonino; Principato, F.; Gerardi, G.; Cascio, Donato; Raso, G.; Bettelli, Manuele; Zappettini, A.; Taormina, Vincenzo; Abbene, L.

doi:10.3390/s23063196

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The combination of high atomic number (Z max = 52) and wide bandgap (~1.6 eV), together with the continuous progress in crystal growth and device technology, potentially allows high detection efficiency within a few millimeters and excellent room-temperature performance [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. CZT detectors with complex pixel and strip electrode layouts have been widely proposed and developed for X-ray and gamma-ray spectroscopy and imaging, mainly focusing on medical applications [25], nuclear security [18], and food/pharma inspections [26][27][28][29]. Few experiments have proposed their use in nuclear and particle physics [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentialities of CdZnTe Quasi-Hemispherical Detectors for Hard X-ray Spectroscopy of Kaonic Atoms at the DAΦNE Collider

Abbene,

Buttacavoli,

Principato

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Kaonic atom X-ray spectroscopy is a consolidated technique for investigations on the physics of strong kaon–nucleus/nucleon interaction. Several experiments have been conducted regarding the measurement of soft X-ray emission (<20 keV) from light kaonic atoms (hydrogen, deuterium, and helium). Currently, there have been new research activities within the framework of the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment and EXCALIBUR proposal focusing on performing precise and accurate measurements of hard X-rays (>20 keV) from intermediate kaonic atoms (carbon, aluminum, and sulfur). In this context, we investigated cadmium–zinc–telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) detectors, which have recently demonstrated high-resolution capabilities for hard X-ray and gamma-ray detection. A demonstrator prototype based on a new cadmium–zinc–telluride quasi-hemispherical detector and custom digital pulse processing electronics was developed. The detector covered a detection area of 1 cm2 with a single readout channel and interesting room-temperature performance with energy resolution of 4.4% (2.6 keV), 3% (3.7 keV), and 1.4% (9.3 keV) FWHM at 59.5, 122.1, and 662 keV, respectively. The results from X-ray measurements at the DAΦNE collider at the INFN National Laboratories of Frascati (Italy) are also presented with particular attention to the effects and rejection of electromagnetic and hadronic background.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentialities of CdZnTe Quasi-Hemispherical Detectors for Hard X-ray Spectroscopy of Kaonic Atoms at the DAΦNE Collider

Abbene,

Buttacavoli,

Principato

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…Generally, the leakage currents are controlled by both the bulk resistivity of the material and the electrical contacts [9][10][11][12][13]; the bulk resistivity dominates the currents at low voltages, the electrical contacts at high voltages. Typically, high-resolution CZT detectors are fabricated with quasi-ohmic electroless contacts (platinum, gold electrodes) [9,[13][14][15][16], showing symmetric current-voltage (I-V) curves. CdTe detectors are equipped with rectifying contacts (indium [17], aluminium [18,19]), characterized by asymmetric I-V curves and very low currents at reverse bias; despite this, temporal instabilities, due to bias-induced polarization phenomena [2,8,[19][20][21][22], must be taken into account, especially at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Extraction Procedure of Contact Characteristic Parameters from Current–Voltage Curves in CdZnTe and CdTe Detectors

Principato

Bettelli

Zappettini

et al. 2023

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The estimation of the characteristic parameters of the electrical contacts in CdZnTe and CdTe detectors is related to the identification of the main transport mechanisms dominating the currents. These investigations are typically approached by modelling the current–voltage (I–V) curves with the interfacial layer–thermionic-diffusion (ITD) theory, which incorporates the thermionic emission, diffusion and interfacial layer theories into a single theory. The implementation of the ITD model in measured I–V curves is a critical procedure, requiring dedicated simplifications, several best fitting parameters and the identification of the voltage range where each transport mechanism dominates. In this work, we will present a novel method allowing through a simple procedure the estimation of some characteristic parameters of the metal–semiconductor interface in CdZnTe and CdTe detectors. The barrier height and the effects of the interfacial layer will be evaluated through the application of a new function related to the differentiation of the experimental I–V curves.

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Window-Based Energy Selecting X-ray Imaging and Charge Sharing in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Linear Array Detectors for Contaminant Detection

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Potentialities of CdZnTe Quasi-Hemispherical Detectors for Hard X-ray Spectroscopy of Kaonic Atoms at the DAΦNE Collider

Potentialities of CdZnTe Quasi-Hemispherical Detectors for Hard X-ray Spectroscopy of Kaonic Atoms at the DAΦNE Collider

A Novel Extraction Procedure of Contact Characteristic Parameters from Current–Voltage Curves in CdZnTe and CdTe Detectors

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