Windows of action for controlling palmer amaranth (<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i>) using emergence and phenology models

Piskackova, Theresa A. Reinhardt; Reberg‐Horton, S. Chris; Richardson, Robert J.; Jennings, Katherine M.; Franca, Lucas X.; Young, Bryan G.; León, Ramón G.

doi:10.1111/wre.12470

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Redroot pigweed demonstrated a range of emergence peaks from spring to summer (Table 1, Figure 2). This protracted emergence pattern of Amaranthus species has been well-described in the literature (Jha and Norsworthy, 2009;Teasdale and Mirsky, 2015;Chahal et al, 2021;Reinhardt Piskackova et al, 2021).…”

Section: Results By Speciessupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Early planting of spring-planted crops may be used to establish a size advantage over mid-season weeds that can be used to improve control (Mohler, 2001). This size advantage is especially important for keeping weeds as small as possible for late post-emergence herbicide applications (Reinhardt Piskackova et al, 2021) and improving the selectivity of intrarow cultivation (Gallandt et al, 2017). The effect of early planting can perhaps be strengthened by additional weed suppressive tactics.…”

Section: Weeds With Mid-season Peak Emergencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The timing of emergence can also correlate with other biological traits of weeds that impact management success, such as seed weight, cotyledon type, and photosynthetic pathway (Cordeau et al, 2017b). Therefore, improved knowledge of weed emergence periodicity may be used to enhance management tactics (Bastiaans et al, 2008;Norsworthy et al, 2012;Reinhardt Piskackova et al, 2021). For example, the timing of weed control efforts (Forcella, 1999;Batlla et al, 2020), crop planting dates (Royo-Esnal et al, 2018;Sousa-Ortega et al, 2020), and seedbank depletion tactics (Nordell and Nordell, 2009) may all be adjusted to disadvantage problematic weed species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Weed Management Based on the Timing of Emergence Peaks: A Case Study of Problematic Weeds in Northeast USA

Brown¹,

Gallandt²,

DiTommaso³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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We reviewed the timing of the peak rate of emergence for 15 problematic weed species as well as ways to use this knowledge to improve control. Much of the previous literature modeled emergence based on growing-degree-days. For these models, we input average temperature data from several zones of Northeast USA. Within species, model-predicted peak emergence in the warmest and coolest zones differed by an average of 39 days. Also within species, there was some variation between models, likely reflecting different conditions in study locations and population-level differences that will need to be addressed in future modelling efforts. Summarizing both observed and modelled results, emergence typically peaked early-season for barnyardgrass, Canada thistle, common lambsquarters, common ragweed, giant foxtail, large crabgrass, perennial sowthistle, and smooth crabgrass. Emergence typically peaked mid-season for hairy galinsoga, mouseear chickweed, and red sorrel. Emergence typically peaked late-season for annual bluegrass. Several species emerged in a protracted manner, including common chickweed, quackgrass, and redroot pigweed. With this improved knowledge, farmers may target key problematic species of a particular field in several ways. Weed seedling control efforts can be timed at the highest densities or most vulnerable phenological stage. Residual herbicides and suppressive mulches can be timed to maximize effectiveness prior to their breakdown. And if management flexibility allows, crop selection and associated planting dates may be adjusted to improve crop competition or facilitate seedbank depletion through timely bare fallow periods. Such improvements to weed management based on timing of emergence will likely become even more impactful as predictive model reliability continues to improve.

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Section: Results By Speciessupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Weeds With Mid-season Peak Emergencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improving Weed Management Based on the Timing of Emergence Peaks: A Case Study of Problematic Weeds in Northeast USA

Brown¹,

Gallandt²,

DiTommaso³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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“…Narrow‐windrow burning is another non‐chemical strategy that seems quite promising to destruct Amaranthus palmeri seeds 75 and not allow seeds to enter the soil seedbank. Emergence and phenology models are useful tools to assist the decision‐making process for the management of Amaranthus palmeri and identify the critical time for treatment 76 . It is crucial to prevent the introduction of Amaranthus palmeri seeds that could invade and possess new herbicide resistance traits, making the management even more challenging 54 .…”

Section: Integrated Management Of Important Ips: Two Case‐studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early detection, herbicide resistance screening, and integrated management of invasive plant species: a review

Tataridas

Jabran

Kanatas

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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Invasive plant species (IPS) are often considered weeds that cause high yield losses in crops, negatively affect the environment, and disrupt certain ecosystem services. The negative impact of IPS on biodiversity is increasing and disturbing native vegetation. The management of plant invasions can be divided in two phases (before and after invasion). Prior to introduction it is crucial to develop the knowledge base (biology, ecology, distribution, impact, management) on IPS, prevention measures and risk assessment. After introduction if eradication fails, the monitoring and the integrated management of IPS are imperative to prevent the naturalization and further dispersal. This review uses two major invasive weed species (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. and Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) as case studies to propose a framework for early detection, rapid herbicide resistance screening, and integrated management. The holistic framework that is presented exploits recent: (i) novel detection tools, (ii) rapid tests and assays for herbicide resistance, and (iii) biology, ecology, distribution traits, and management tools for the IPS. Farmers, advisors, researchers, and policymakers need briefing on IPS growth dynamics, adaptability rates, and response to conventional and novel treatments to prevent new invasions, eradicate isolated stands, and mitigate the impact of invasive weed species in the long term.

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“…It has been reported that the flowering of A. palmeri occurs during Spring to Summer with subsequent seed development and seed set occurring in as little as two to three weeks post‐fertilisation (Keeley et al, 1987; Sosnoskie et al, 2012). Research suggests that A. palmeri emergence primarily occurs during Summer, although it is suggested that over 90% of total season growth may occur earlier in the season or in late Spring to early Summer in the absence of competition (Reinhardt Piskackova et al, 2021). The germination of A. palmeri occurs across a two‐month period between Spring and early Summer, where seeds will germinate when soil temperatures are on average greater than 25 O C but less than 35 O C (Guo and Al‐Khatib, 2003; Jha and Norsworthy, 2009).…”

Section: Biology and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the biology, distribution patterns and management of the invasive species Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth): Current and future management challenges

Roberts

Florentine

2021

Weed Research

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Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth) is an invasive agricultural weed that has quickly risen from a state of relative obscurity to now being globally regarded as one of the most economically destructive and difficult to manage weed species. It is now found in more than 45 countries where it poses a serious threat to agricultural production systems. Amaranthus palmeri is known to aggressively compete against crop plants for resources such as light, space, nutrients and soil moisture, all of which can result in significant crop yield reduction or even lead to crop failure. It has also been reported that A. palmeri is highly prone to evolve herbicide resistance; this makes management exceedingly challenging. Whilst there have been several control approaches introduced to manage the spread and impact of A. palmeri, many of them require more specific and focused research for their successful local and widespread application. In this regard, this global review explores the species’ biology and global distribution patterns, together with previous and current management strategies. It also explores and identifies promising areas of research that still require further investigation to more confidently assist in the control and containment of this globally concerning weed.

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Windows of action for controlling palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) using emergence and phenology models

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Improving Weed Management Based on the Timing of Emergence Peaks: A Case Study of Problematic Weeds in Northeast USA

Improving Weed Management Based on the Timing of Emergence Peaks: A Case Study of Problematic Weeds in Northeast USA

Early detection, herbicide resistance screening, and integrated management of invasive plant species: a review

A review of the biology, distribution patterns and management of the invasive species Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth): Current and future management challenges

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