Wine, Sugar, and the Making of Modern France

Abstract

This is an innovative study of how race and empire transformed French republican citizenship in the early Third Republic. Elizabeth Heath integrates the histories of the wine-producing department of Aude and the sugar-producing colony of Guadeloupe to reveal the ways in which empire was integral to the Third Republic's ability to stabilize a republican regime that began to unravel in an age of economic globalization. She shows how global economic factors shaped negotiations between local citizens and the Third Republic over the responsibilities of the Republic to its citizens leading to the creation of two different and unequal forms of citizenship that became constitutive of the interwar imperial nation-state and the French welfare state. Her findings shed important new light on the tensions within republicanism between ideals of liberty and equality and on the construction of race as a meaningful social category at a foundational moment in French history.

The political economy of regulations and trade: Wine trade 1860–1970

“…9 "Raisin wines" were one of the "adulterations" allowed during the late nineteenth century. Taking into account "raisin wines" (wines produced from raisins), "sugar wines" (obtained either from the addition of sugar to the wine or from the addition of water and sugar to the grape marcs) and "grape marc wines" (or "piquettes" obtained from the addition of only water to the grape marcs), the percentage of "adulterated wines" increased to 25% of French wine production in the second half of the 1880s (Bichet, 1934;Heath, 2014;Stanziani, 2003Stanziani, , 2004.…”

Introduction to the Sociology of Wine—The Sociological Decanter: Pouring Sociology into Wine, and Vice Versa

“…Within historical studies of more recent times, historians tend to produce, on the basis of archival research, monographs concerned with wine in particular times and places. Post-medieval England and France are particularly well represented in this literature (Bohling, 2018;Campbell, 2004;Guy, 2003;Harding, 2019;Heath, 2014;Holt, 1993;Hori, 2008;Ludington, 2013;Parker, 2015;Smith, 2016;Whalen, 2009;White, 2017). Other locations covered by historians include various other European countries (Conca Messina et al, 2019), the trans-Atlantic wine trade (Hancock, 2009), the Americas (Cinotto, 2012;Hannickel, 2013;Hendricks, 2004;Huber, 2011;Peck, 2009;Pinney, 1989), Australia (Brady, 2018;McIntyre, 2012), South Africa (Fourie and Von Fintel, 2014;Nugent, 2011), and other locales (e.g., Pankhurst, 2006).…”