Winter canola yield and nitrogen use efficiency in a semiarid irrigated condition

Abstract

Winter canola (Brassica napus L.) is an economically viable alternative crop for the semiarid southern Great Plains of the United States. Although land area under winter canola has increased in recent years, an independent guideline on fertility recommendation and their effects on crop growth and soil health is not available for the semiarid southern Great Plains region. This study aimed to evaluate winter canola growth, yield components, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) with different nitrogen application timings (NATs) in a semiarid irrigated condition. A 2-yr study was designed with two canola varieties (Riley and 46W94) and four NATs. Nitrogen treatments were F100 (100% of nitrogen applied in fall), S100 (100% of nitrogen applied in spring), FS50 (50% of nitrogen applied in fall and 50% in spring), and FSB25 (25% of nitrogen applied in fall, 25% in spring, and 25% before flowering). The winter dry matter accumulation was greater with the F100 N application, whereas the forage quality was better with the FS50 treatment. The highest seed yield of 2,539 kg ha -1 was from S100, which was not significantly different from FS50 and FSB25. The N use efficiency was the highest under FSB25, which uses 25% less N, followed by S100, FS50, and F100 treatments. The FS50 with 50% of N application in fall and 50% in spring was the most efficient N timing treatment when winter biomass accumulation, seed yield, and seed oil and protein contents were considered.Abbreviations: ADF, acid detergent fiber; F100, 100% of nitrogen applied in fall; FS50, 50% of nitrogen applied in fall and 50% in spring; FSB25, 25% of nitrogen applied in fall, 25% in spring, and 25% before flowering; NAT, nitrogen application timing; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; NUE, nitrogen use efficiency; RFV, relative feed value; S100, 100% of nitrogen in spring; TDN, total digestible nutrient

Comparing the Positive Impacts and Stress Induction by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 6000) Variable Levels on Canola (Brassica napus L.) Growth, Yield, and Oil Contents

“…Pests and diseases can attack canola plants, reducing their growth and yield. − Proper fertilization is essential for canola plants to grow and produce seeds. , Canola plants require adequate sunlight to develop and produce seeds. Canola cultivation in Pakistan is also subjected to several challenges, including poor seeds germinations due to low-quality seeds .…”

Chemical composition and quality of rapeseed meal as affected by genotype and nitrogen fertilization

“…This was mainly due to a substantial improvement of seed yield as a result of nitrogen fertilization. Besides, it is well known that increasing nitrogen fertilization causes a decrease in seed oil content in rapeseed (Öztürk, 2010;Paye et al, 2021;Yahbi et al, 2022), which led to a concomitant increase in by-product (meal) content. Moreover, the absence of yield improvement and then of meal yield beyond N120 might be a result of the high temperature and the very low precipitation on the end of April and May which lead to maturity advancement.…”

Influence of Grazing on Canola Grain, Canola Forage Yield, and Beef Cattle Performance

“…Interest is increasing in the use of winter canola (Brassica napus) as an alternative crop in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) rotations in the Southern High Plains (SHP) of the USA, where wheat is grazed until it joints and cattle are removed to allow for grain production [1]. Including broadleaf crops in cereal grass rotations helps with soil health, increases weed and other pest control options, and mitigates wheat yield lag [2][3][4][5][6].…”

“…Dual-purpose forage/grain crops are already important components of integrated crop-livestock systems [1,9] and can produce equivalent grain yields to grain-only crops when appropriately managed in regard to animal health and nutrition, crop establishment and management, and the timing of grazing cessation to prevent crop reproductive damage [10]. Dual-purpose crops also can relieve grazing pressure on permanent pastures to allow for recovery and increased spring productivity [4,9] and, potentially, greater income for the farm system, even if the grazing period is only short-term during feed gaps between actively growing pastures [5].…”

“…Dual-purpose crops also can relieve grazing pressure on permanent pastures to allow for recovery and increased spring productivity [4,9] and, potentially, greater income for the farm system, even if the grazing period is only short-term during feed gaps between actively growing pastures [5]. Canola is already a value-added crop due to the extraction of the oil for cooking [1] or for biodiesel [6] and the subsequent use of the by-product meal as a valuable protein supplement for livestock industries [2,3].…”