Winter cover crops effect on soil moisture and soybean growth and yield under different tillage systems

Acharya, Bibek; Dodla, Syam K.; Gaston, Lewis A.; Darapuneni, Murali; Wang, Jim J.; Sepat, Seema; Bohara, Hari

doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.104430

Cited by 76 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…These results indicate that the presence of straw in the no-tillage system provided a physical barrier to the emergence of the weed seed bank, particularly damaging positive photoblastic seeds and/or seeds that need alternating temperatures to germinate (Acharya et al, 2019). In this line, Otsubo et al (2012) concluded that the direct planting of IAC 15 cassava cultivar on oat straw was a sustainable production alternative that did not require the use of herbicides for weed control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Weed interference on nutrient accumulation in the leaves of cassava under no-tillage or conventional tillage

Ramella

Barbosa

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of weed competition on the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves and on the dry weight of the roots of cassava (Manihot esculenta) in the conventional and no-tillage systems, in two crop cycles. The experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design, with split-split plots and four replicates. The plots consisted of conventional tillage or no-tillage; the split plots, of the competition or not with weeds; and the split-split plots, of the evaluation periods (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, and 225 days after planting/pruning). In the first cycle, weed competition reduced the accumulation of nitrogen in 82.6 and 81.3% and of phosphorus in 65.7 and 85.3% under conventional tillage and no-tillage, respectively. In the second cycle, the reductions in the accumulation of nitrogen were of 41.1 and 52.4% and of phosphorus of 44.1 and 52.6%, in conventional tillage and no-tillage, respectively. The root dry weight of cassava grown with weed competition showed reductions of 15.8 and 11.2% under conventional tillage and no-tillage, respectively, only in the second cycle. Weed competition reduces the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves of cassava in the conventional and no-tillage systems in both crop cycles, but reduces the dry matter of cassava roots only in the second cycle.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The dynamics between the nutrients present in the soil and the weed community are influenced by the soil tillage system (Pereira et al, 2012;Acharya et al, 2019). Cassava crops are usually cultivated in a conventional tillage system with soil turnover.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed interference on nutrient accumulation in the leaves of cassava under no-tillage or conventional tillage

Ramella

Barbosa

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Reduced survival could be driven by two mechanisms, one abiotic and the other biotic. First, the addition of cover crops to row‐crop fields enhances moisture retention near the soil surface (Acharya et al, 2019; Yang et al, 2019) and thus may increase decomposition of waste grain. Though periodic moisture may result in seed germination, moisture content promotes higher rates of mold spoilage of corn kernels if moisture conditions persist for longer periods (Onyeze, Sylvester, Benedict, & Okechukwu, 2013; Suleiman, Rosentrater, & Bern, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced overwinter survival of unharvested corn in fields with cover crops

Kosins

Prieur

2020

Weed Biology and Management

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Volunteer corn arising from unharvested kernels in fields is a common problem that reduces yield of crops like soybean in intensive rotational agricultural systems. Over the last decade, farmers in the Midwestern United States have increased use of cover crops to improve soil health and suppress weeds in corn-soybean rotational agriculture. We assessed whether the fate of unharvested corn kernels in cover-cropped fields differed from fields without cover crops. After the 2018 harvest season, we recorded overwinter removal and spring 2019 germination of corn kernels from plots in six fields in Tippecanoe county, west-central Indiana, United States. We used mixed effects logistic regression to model the role of a cereal rye cover crop, bare ground, soil drainage class, distance from field edge, and average height of vegetation on mortality of kernels. Probability of kernel absence from a plot was greater in fields planted to cover crops (0.93-0.98) than in no-till fields without cover crops (0.53-0.85). Distance from field edge was positively related to kernel loss in cover-cropped fields, but negatively related to loss in fields without cover crops. Within cover-cropped fields, kernel removal near field edges increased to levels comparable to field interiors only for plots with >15% bare ground. Cover crops substantially reduced survival of corn kernels that serve as prospective volunteer corn, consistent with increased foraging activity and use of cover-cropped fields by vertebrate seed predators. K E Y W O R D S kernel germination, seed predators, volunteer corn, waste grain, Zea mays 1 | INTRODUCTION Volunteer corn (Zea mays L.) is a common problem in rotational agriculture and occurs when kernels are left behind after harvest and survive to grow during the following commodity-crop season. Competition from volunteer corn decreases yield by outcompeting the intended commodity crop for sunlight, water, and nutrients and can result in reduced profit because of costs associated with chemical and mechanical removal of volunteer plants (Cerdeira & Duke, 2006; Marquardt, Krupke, &

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“…Application of the conventional technology has led to the formation of eroded (2.2%) and deflated (13.3%) lands Connection the water and the wind erosion processes was detected on a square of 123 thousand ha (2.2%). The balance of nutrients in the arable land has become negative again and returned to the level of the 1960s (Acharya et al, 2019).…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%