Winter Survival of Female American Black Ducks on the Atlantic Coast

Conroy, Michael J.; Costanzo, Gary R.; Stotts, Daniel B.

doi:10.2307/3801314

Cited by 106 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We are not aware of studies that have tried to link demographic trends with body mass or condition in aerial insectivores, but the link between condition and survival rate has been found in other avian taxa (e.g. [58,59]). While individual breeding success appears to be stable in the studied population (although the fate of juveniles after fledging remains largely unknown and is difficult to investigate with a natal return rate below 1%), one cannot exclude the possibility that further deterioration of female body condition could eventually have significant impacts on breeding success if the limits of parental compensation are reached.…”

Section: (A) Predictors Of Body Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe recent decrease of adult body mass in a declining insectivorous bird population

et al. 2014

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Migratory bird species that feed on air-borne insects are experiencing widespread regional declines, but these remain poorly understood. Agricultural intensification in the breeding range is often regarded as one of the main drivers of these declines. Here, we tested the hypothesis that body mass in breeding individuals should reflect habitat quality in an aerial insectivore, the tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), along a gradient of agricultural intensity. Our dataset was collected over 7 years (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) and included 2918 swallow captures and 1483 broods. Analyses revealed a substantial decline of the population over the course of the study (219% occupancy rate), mirrored by decreasing body mass. This trend was especially severe in females, representing a total loss of 8% of their mass. Reproductive success was negatively influenced by intensive agriculture, but did not decrease over time. Interestingly, variation in body mass was independent of breeding habitat quality, leading us to suggest that this decline in body mass may result from carry-over effects from non-breeding areas and affect population dynamics through reduced survival. This work contributes to the growing body of evidence suggesting that declines in migratory aerial insectivores are driven by multiple, complex factors requiring better knowledge of year-round habitat use.

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Section: (A) Predictors Of Body Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe recent decrease of adult body mass in a declining insectivorous bird population

et al. 2014

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“…Winter body condition is, however, also a parameter of great importance, likely to affect duck survival during that season specifically (e.g. Haramis et al 1986;Conroy et al 1989;Davis et al 2011), and also possibly to affect subsequent breeding success in Common Teal Anas crecca (hereafter Teal) through carry-over effects (Guillemain et al 2008), i.e. processes occurring during a given season that affect birds during a subsequent season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual quality persists between years: individuals retain body condition from one winter to the next in Teal

et al. 2013

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Few studies have considered how body condition changes over time in individual birds, and most of these concerned long-lived breeding birds. We used a large database of Common Teal Anas crecca ringed and recaptured while wintering in the Camargue to study interannual persistence in wing length and body condition. Winter body condition may be a major determinant of survival during that season, and may further be related to breeding success. Indices of condition were compared for individual Teal between the moments of ringing and of recapture the following winter, analyzing each sex and age class (adult or juvenile) separately. Wing length was highly repeatable between years, though some limited annual variation was also recorded in adult males. Using scaled mass index as an index of body condition, we observed that condition at ringing was the strongest predictor of body condition at recapture for males and juvenile females, although inter-and intra-annual variation was also significant in most cases. The value of the slope for the relationship between individual body condition indices at ringing and recapture did not differ from 1 for males and for adults, whereas, for juvenile females, the slope was significantly greater than 1, indicating that individual differences in condition became more exaggerated over time. When analyses were repeated using crude body mass instead of a condition index, results were generally similar. Birds recaptured the following winter had a greater body condition at ringing that those that were not recaptured, supporting the hypothesis of a link between winter body condition and return probability. Our results demonstrate the importance of a head start in Teal, given persistent effects of obtaining better condition in the first winter, and suggest specific age and sex effects. They also underline the value of condition indices as a long-term predictor of individual quality in birds, even during the non-breeding season and for such a relatively short-lived species.Keywords Scaled mass index Á Inter-annual changes Á Body size Á Fitness Á Inter-annual persistence Zusammenfassung Individuelle Qualität bleibt von Jahr zu Jahr bestehen: Krickenten behalten ihre individuelle Körperkondition von einem Winter zum nächsten bei Es gibt nur wenige Studien zu zeitlichen Veränderungen der Körperkondition von Vogelindividuen; die meisten von diesen Untersuchungen betreffen zudem langlebige Vogelarten zur Brutzeit. Anhand einer großen Datenmenge von Krickenten Anas crecca, die in ihrem Winterquartier in der Camargue beringt und wiedergefangen wurden, untersuchten wir die Persistenz von Flügellänge und Körperkondition von einem Jahr zum anderen. Die winterliche Körperkon-dition kann einen Hauptüberlebensfaktor zu dieser Jahreszeit darstellen und darüber hinaus mit dem Bruterfolg

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“…These data suggest physiological consequences of oil exposure, with potential demographic consequences. Survival of some wintering ducks has been demonstrated to vary with body mass (Conroy et al 1989, Longcore et al 1991, Bergan & Smith 1993, indicating a mechanism linking contaminant exposure and reductions in survival.…”

Section: Variation In Body Mass and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harlequin duck population recovery following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill: progress, process and constraints

Esler¹,

Bowman²,

Trust³

et al. 2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Following the 1989 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, we studied the status of recovery of harlequin duck Histrionicus histrionicus populations during 1995 to 1998. We evaluated potential constraints on full recovery, including (1) exposure to residual oil; (2) food limitation; and (3) intrinsic demographic limitations on population growth rates. In this paper, we synthesize the findings from our work and incorporate information from other harlequin duck research and monitoring programs to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the response of this species to the 'Exxon Valdez' spill. We conclude that harlequin duck populations had not fully recovered by 1998. Furthermore, adverse effects continued as many as 9 yr after the oil spill, in contrast to the conventional paradigm that oil spill effects on bird populations are short-lived. These conclusions are based on the findings that (1) elevated cytochrome P450 (CYP1A) induction on oiled areas indicated continued exposure to oil in 1998; (2) adult female winter survival was lower on oiled than unoiled areas during 1995 to 1998; (3) fall population surveys by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game indicated numerical declines in oiled areas during 1995 to 1997; and (4) densities on oiled areas in 1996 and 1997 were lower than expected using models that accounted for effects of habitat attributes. Based on hypothesized links between oil contamination and demography, we suggest that harlequin duck population recovery was constrained primarily by continued oil exposure. Full population recovery will also be delayed by the time necessary for intrinsic population growth to allow return to pre-spill numbers following cessation of residual oil spill effects. Although not all wildlife species were affected by the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill, and some others may have recovered quickly from any effects, harlequin duck life history characteristics and benthic, nearshore feeding habits make them susceptible to both initial and long-term oil spill effects.

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Winter Survival of Female American Black Ducks on the Atlantic Coast

Cited by 106 publications

References 12 publications

Severe recent decrease of adult body mass in a declining insectivorous bird population

Severe recent decrease of adult body mass in a declining insectivorous bird population

Individual quality persists between years: individuals retain body condition from one winter to the next in Teal

Harlequin duck population recovery following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill: progress, process and constraints

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