Winter to summer change in vitamin D status reduces systemic inflammation and bioenergetic activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Abstract

BackgroundVitamin D status [25(OH)D] has recently been reported to be associated with altered cellular bioenergetic profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). No study has tracked the seasonal variation of 25(OH)D and its putative influence on whole body energy metabolism, cellular bioenergetic profiles, inflammatory markers and clinical chemistry.Material and methodsWhole body energy metabolism and substrate utilisation were measured by indirect calorimetry. PBMCs obtained from the same subjects were isolated from whole blood, counted and freshly seeded. Bioenergetic analysis (mitochondrial stress test and glycolysis stress test) was performed using the Seahorse XFe96 flux analyser. 25(OH)D was assessed using the Architect immunoassay method.Results25(OH)D increased by a median (IQR) of 14.40 (20.13) nmol/L (p<0.001) from winter to summer and was accompanied by significant improvements in indices of insulin sensitivity, McAuley's index (p=0.019) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (p=0.028). PBMC mitochondrial parameters basal respiration, non-mitochondrial respiration, ATP production, proton leak, and maximal respiration decreased in summer compared to winter. Similarly, PBMC glycolytic parameters glycolytic activity, glucose response, and glycolytic capacity were all reduced in summer compared to winter. There was also a trend for absolute resting metabolic rate (RMR) to decrease (p=0.066). Markers of systemic inflammation MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p70 decreased significantly in summer compared to winter. Participants who entered winter with a low 25(OH)D (<50 nmol/L), had the greatest alteration in bioenergetic parameters in summer, relative to those with winter 25(OH)D concentrations of 50–75 nmol/L or >75 nmol/L. The absolute change in 25(OH)D was not associated with altered bioenergetics.ConclusionSeasonal improvements in 25(OH)D was associated with reduced systemic inflammation, PBMC bioenergetic profiles and whole body energy metabolism. These observational changes in PBMC bioenergetics were most pronounced in those who had insufficient 25(OH)D in winter. The data warrants confirmation through cause and effect study designs.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte rate and their seasonal differences in ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis patients using anti-TNF medication

“…CRP also increased, but there was no statistically signifi cant difference. The higher levels of proinfl ammatory cytokines in winter were reported to be associated with lower levels of vitamin D in winter (42). In the current study, vitamin D levels were not evaluated, but in RA patients, the DAS 28 level was higher in winter than in summer.…”

Vitamin D and Indices of Bone and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women Subjected to a 12-Week Aerobic Training Program—The Pilot Study

“…In the last decade, the interrelation between bone and carbohydrate metabolism has been a particular subject of research [12][13][14]. However, studies assessing the impact of systematic physical activity on bone and metabolic indices should take the significant problem that outdoor physical activity can increase exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation into account, which might modify bone and carbohydrate metabolism by altering the serum concentration of 25(OH)D [15], regardless of the influence of the mechanical stimulus.…”

“…Vitamin D is a novel independent predictor of resting metabolic rate in adults [20] and research that was conducted on animal models has shown that it plays an important role in the regulation of energy balance [21]. It was documented that seasonal variations in serum 25(OH)D concentration, due to changes in UV intensity, lead to changes in energy metabolism [15]. Melin et al [22] observed that, among elderly people, regular daylight exposure during the summer enhanced 25(OH)D levels and improved calcium homeostasis.…”

An open‐label clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of Bend Skincare Anti‐Aging Formula on minimal erythema dose in skin

“…However, vitamin D also exhibits anti‐inflammatory effects . In vitro studies have shown that vitamin D reduces UV‐induced damage, including inflammation, sunburn, and photo‐associated immunosuppression, and carcinogenesis, while a human epidemiology study associated higher vitamin D status with reduced systemic inflammation . When topically applied to human skin, Vitamin D reduces polymorphic light eruption …”

“…19 In vitro studies have shown that vitamin D reduces UV-induced damage, including inflammation, F I G U R E 1 Mean percent change in minimal erythema dose (MED) compared with baseline after supplementation for 4 and 8 wk sunburn, and photo-associated immunosuppression, and carcinogenesis, [20][21][22] while a human epidemiology study associated higher vitamin D status with reduced systemic inflammation. 23 When topically applied to human skin, Vitamin D reduces polymorphic light eruption. 24 Currently, it is difficult to ascertain the relative contribution of each compound within the Bend Skincare Anti-Aging Formula or any possible synergies, due to insufficient data for comparison.…”