Winter wheat variability according to local conditions

Abstract

<p>The objectives of our experiments are the description of the phenotypic and genotypic variability by the main agriculture-value traits of the new winter wheat lines according to their interactions with different environmental conditions. Five new winter wheat lines were investigated at field experiment during three years by parameters of grain productivity and quality, uptaking of macro- and microelements and heavy metals from soil under different relief conditions.</p><p>Our investigations confirmed statement about more perspective direction for exploiting local sources for winter wheat improvement and closely relation between concentration of nutrient substances in plants, their loss from soil and peculiarities of relief, genotype and limits of adaptation. We developed high-adaptive line 213 (‘Leana’), which provides us higher than standard grain yield under all conditions. All lines showed higher grain productivity under favorable conditions than control. Variability of traits was higher under south slope conditions (unfavorable conditions) rather than on other (proper conditions). Only line 156 was identified by good protein content and composition under every condition for gliadin and glutenin components. Influence of relief on microelements and heavy metals uptake to the winter wheat plants is not so important as for macroelements and, in consequence, for grain productivity and quality.</p>

Use of Gamma Irradiation to Obtain New Forms of Winter Wheat Based on Local Varieties

“…Other lines turned to be far worse. Unlike previous studies (Nazarenko and Izhboldin, 2017;Nazarenko et al, 2019a), the significance of a beneficial mutation process for such traits as semi-dwarfism (for individual genotypes) and stunting (Nazarenko et al, 2019b) has been shown, that is, it has been proved that the mutation is a reliable and permanent source for the local genetic resources (Hongjie et al, 2019) related to such traits, and that obtaining high-intensity stunting strains with a long grained spike (Keser et al, 2022) of early ripeness (Klčová et al, 2019;Kirova et al, 2021) and intense wax accumulation (Cann et al, 2022) (to eliminate the negative effects of drought) based on local material is quite possible and regular (Kirova et al, 2021).…”

Assimilation of Nutritive Elements by Winter Wheat Plants of Ukrainian and European Selection After the Resumption of Spring Vegetation

“…Більш того, достеменно невідомо, чи відрізняється взагалі вимогливість українських сортів до живлення від вимогливості сортів закордонної селекції, які культивуються вітчизняними агровиробниками. Підґрунтям для такої гіпотези можуть слугувати результати окремих досліджень, які засвідчили не тільки вищий адаптивний потенціал місцевих генетичних ліній пшениці, але й притаманні ним особливості споживання елементів живлення (Nazarenko et al, 2019;Murphy et al, 2007). Європейські сорти були виведені, підкреслюють інші дослідники, в сприятливих, навіть розкішних режимах удобрення, що позначилося на ефективності використання елементів живлення за нижчих рівнів удобрення (Górny et al, 2011).…”