“…The rapid depletion of conventional fossil fuels, along with rising environmental pollution, has spurred an urgent demand for novel environment-friendly and efficient energy conversion devices. − Among various energy carriers to replace fossil fuels, methanol shows great potential because of its affordability, high energy density, and low carbon emission. − In particular, direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have been recognized as prospective energy conversion devices, because of their high energy conversion efficiency, easy storability and transportability, environmental friendliness, and mild operating temperatures. − To date, the reactions on anode electrodes in DMFCs have been yet heavily dependent on Pt-based precious metal electrocatalysts . Despite the excellent activity of Pt-based catalysts, the scaled-up application of DMFCs has been largely hindered by their high price and extreme scarcity. , Moreover, it is worth noting that Pt-based catalysts are prone to be poisoned by intermediate products, leading to a significant deterioration in both electrocatalytic activity and stability.…”