Wintertime Air Quality in Megacity Dhaka, Bangladesh Strongly Affected by Influx of Black Carbon Aerosols from Regional Biomass Burning

Salam, Abdus; Andersson, August; Jeba, Farah; Haque, Imdadul; Khan, Dulal Hossain; Gustafsson, Örjan

doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c03623

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…(7.7 ± 4.3 μg m -3 ) and monsoon (3.2 ± 2.6 μg m -3 ) seasons have relatively low concentrations. The mean winter EC concentration (12.1 ± 6.7 μg m -3 ) shows similarity with most IGP sites 34,55,56.…”

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confidence: 66%

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Year-long evaluation of aerosol chemistry and meteorological implications of PM2.5 in an urban area of the Brahmaputra Valley, India

Rabha

Islam

Saikia

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci.: Atmos.

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confidence: 66%

“…The mean winter EC concentration (12.1 ± 6.7 μg m −3 ) shows similarity with most IGP sites. 34,55,56…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Year-long evaluation of aerosol chemistry and meteorological implications of PM2.5 in an urban area of the Brahmaputra Valley, India

Rabha

Islam

Saikia

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci.: Atmos.

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“…Ten additional PM 2.5 samples were collected at the Iowa City site from October 16, 2020, to November 15, 2020, over 72 h intervals following the methods described previously . At the Bhola and Dhaka sites in Bangladesh, PM 2.5 samples were collected on QFF with a low volume sampler (Envirotech APM 550, Envirotech Instrument Pvt. Ltd.) operating at 16.7 L min –1 .…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Burning Impacts on Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter at Urban and Rural Sites in the USA and Bangladesh

et al. 2022

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To better understand the impact of plastic burning on atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), we evaluated two methods for the quantification of 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene (TPB), a molecular tracer of plastic burning. Compared to traditional solvent-extraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) techniques, thermal-desorption (TD) GCMS provided higher throughput, lower limits of detection, more precise spike recoveries, a wider linear quantification range, and reduced solvent use. This method enabled quantification of TPB in fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) samples collected at rural and urban sites in the USA and Bangladesh. These analyses demonstrated a measurable impact of plastic burning at 5 of the 6 study locations, with the largest absolute and relative TPB concentrations occurring in Dhaka, Bangladesh, where plastic burning is expected to be a significant source of PM 2.5 . Background-level contributions of plastic burning in the USA were estimated to be 0.004−0.03 μg m −3 of PM 2.5 mass. Across the four sites in the USA, the lower estimate of plastic burning contributions to PM 2.5 ranged 0.04−0.8%, while the median estimate ranged 0.3−3% (save for Atlanta, Georgia, in the wintertime at 2−7%). The results demonstrate a consistent presence of plastic burning emissions in ambient PM 2.5 across urban and rural sites in the USA, with a relatively small impact in comparison to other anthropogenic combustion sources in most cases. Much higher TPB concentrations were observed in Dhaka, with estimated plastic burning impacts on PM 2.5 ranging from a lower estimate of 0.3−1.8 μg m −3 (0.6−2% of PM 2.5 ) and the median estimate ranging 2−35 μg m −3 (5−15% of PM 2.5 ). The methodological advances and new measurements presented herein help to assess the air quality impacts of burning plastic more broadly.

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“…It is the main location for government administration, business, and other industries. Due to the rapid growth and lack of urban planning, environmental and socio-economic problems are increasing [40]. Street canyon intersections in Dhaka see the highest number of traffic compared to any other streets.…”

Section: Area Of Interest: Dhakamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Black carbon (BC) is one of toxic components reported in studies of unfit vehicles in Dhaka. According to Salam et al [40], the averaged fine particulate matter (FPM) in a typical Dhaka street can go 15 units above the standard value, which raises the temperature into a hot condition even in winter. Therefore, relying on weather conditions is not a realistic approach in terms of street canyons in Dhaka due to the unpredictability of temperatures.…”

Section: Area Of Interest: Dhakamentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Eddy Simulation of Airflow and Pollutant Dispersion in a Model Street Canyon Intersection of Dhaka City

et al. 2022

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The atmospheric flow and dispersion of traffic exhaust were numerically studied in this work while considering a model street canyon intersection of a city. The finite volume method (FVM)-based large-eddy simulation (LES) technique in line with ANSYS Fluent have been used for flow and pollutant dispersion modelling through the consideration of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Hexahedral elements are considered for computational domain discretization in order to numerically solve problems using FVM-LES. The turbulence parameters were superimposed through a spectral synthesizer in the existing LES model through ANSYS Fluent as part of ’damage control’ due to the unsteady k−ϵ simulation. Initially, the code is validated with an experimental study of an urban street canyon where the width and height ratio is in unity. After validation, a model urban street canyon intersection was investigated in this work. The model shows a high pollutant concentration in the intersecting corner areas of the buildings. Additionally, the study of this model intersection shows a high level of pollutant concentration at the leeward wall of downwind building in the case of increased height of an upwind building. Most importantly, it was realized from the street intersection design that three-dimensional interconnection between the dominating canyon vortices and roof level flow plays a pivotal role in pollutant concentration level on the windward walls. The three-dimensional extent of corner eddies and their interconnections with dominating vortices were found to be extremely important as they facilitate enhanced ventilation. Corner eddies only form for the streets towards the freeway and not for the streets towards the intersection. The results and key findings of this work offer qualitative and quantitative data for the estimation, planning, and implementation of exposure mitigation in an urban environment.

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Wintertime Air Quality in Megacity Dhaka, Bangladesh Strongly Affected by Influx of Black Carbon Aerosols from Regional Biomass Burning

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Year-long evaluation of aerosol chemistry and meteorological implications of PM2.5 in an urban area of the Brahmaputra Valley, India

Year-long evaluation of aerosol chemistry and meteorological implications of PM2.5 in an urban area of the Brahmaputra Valley, India

Plastic Burning Impacts on Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter at Urban and Rural Sites in the USA and Bangladesh

Large-Eddy Simulation of Airflow and Pollutant Dispersion in a Model Street Canyon Intersection of Dhaka City

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