Wire arc additive manufacturing of Al-6Mg alloy using variable polarity cold metal transfer arc as power source

Zhang, Chen; Li, Yufei; Gao, Ming; Zeng, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.11.084

Cited by 255 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The growing interest in additive manufacturing (AM) technology in the last decade has been largely due to the inherent advantages of this technology in terms of creating highly complex geometries in a relatively short time [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Currently, most relevant production and research activities focus on 3D printing processes using powder bed technology (PBT), such as selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) [7]. However, PBT is considered a relatively expensive process mainly due to the cost of powders and their handling procedures, as well as their high process energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Produced by a Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

Ron

Levy

Dolev

et al. 2019

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

: Current additive manufacturing (AM) processes are mainly focused on powder bed technologies, such as electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting (SLM). However, the main disadvantages of such techniques are related to the high cost of metal powder, the degree of energy consumption, and the sizes of the components, that are limited by the size of the printing cell. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the environmental behavior of low carbon steel (ER70S-6) produced by a relatively inexpensive AM process using wire feed arc welding. The mechanical properties were examined by tension testing and hardness measurements, while microstructure was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. General corrosion performance was evaluated by salt spray testing, immersion testing, potentiodynamic polarization analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Stress corrosion performance was characterized in terms of slow strain rate testing (SSRT). All corrosion tests were carried out in 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. The results indicated that the general corrosion resistance of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) samples were quite similar to those of the counterpart ST-37 steel and the stress corrosion resistance of both alloys was adequate. Altogether, it was clearly evident that the WAAM process did not encounter any deterioration in corrosion performance compared to its conventional wrought alloy counterpart.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Produced by a Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

Ron

Levy

Dolev

et al. 2019

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Zhang et al [28] proposed that the use of GMAW (gas metal arc welding) with variable polarity was also able to change continuous columnar growth into equiaxial texture. However, this method has not been widely used with this purpose in WAAM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the use of switchback for mitigating homoepitaxial unidirectional grain growth and porosity in WAAM of aluminium alloys

Yehorov

Silva

Scotti

2019

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, an alternative approach to prevent unidirectional grain growth in wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is proposed and assessed, by moving cyclically the torch forward and backward, likewise the welding technique known as switchback. A series of tests were planned with CMT (cold metal transfer) process to compare three wall-like build-ups, which uses different deposition patterns, namely, in one-way direction, reverse direction, and switchback. The same equivalent travel speed and number of deposited layers were kept among them. Longitudinal sections were taken to identify the grain growth behaviour. Finally, samples were removed from the walls for porosity evaluation. The results confirmed the characteristics of unidirectional grain growth, when one-way direction condition was employed, and the break of growth direction between layers, when reverse direction was used, yet a zigzag pattern became present. Differently, the application of switchback showed no preferential or unidirectional grain growth, suggesting less anisotropy of mechanical properties. In addition, switchback reduced porosity.

show abstract

“…Compared to powder-bed technologies, the WAAM process is significantly more attractive and cost-effective. This is manifested in terms of energy consumption (90% less than PBT), production cost, including raw materials, (80% less than PBT) and component dimensions that are not limited to the printing cell size [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In addition, the deposition rate of the raw material in the WAAM process is about 160 g/min [16], which is significantly higher than the 10 g/min obtained by conventional PBT processes [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Microstructural Imperfections on Corrosion Fatigue of Additively Manufactured ER70S-6 Alloy Produced by Wire Arc Deposition

Ron

Levy

Dolev

et al. 2020

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aims at evaluating the effect of microstructure imperfections on the corrosion fatigue performance of an ER70S-6 alloy produced by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process, in a 3.5% NaCl solution. For reference, a regular ST-37 alloy with relatively similar chemical composition was considered as a counterpart alloy. This was justified by the fact that the ER70S-6 alloy is usually used for conventional welding of ST-37 steel. The results obtained indicated that while the ST-37 alloy exhibited fatigue strength of 240 MPa in the corrosive solution, the additively manufactured ER70S-6 alloy showed fatigue strength of only 140 MPa. These differences were related to microstructural imperfections that are inherently produced during the WAAM process.

show abstract

Wire arc additive manufacturing of Al-6Mg alloy using variable polarity cold metal transfer arc as power source

Cited by 255 publications

References 20 publications

Environmental Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Produced by a Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

Environmental Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Produced by a Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

Exploring the use of switchback for mitigating homoepitaxial unidirectional grain growth and porosity in WAAM of aluminium alloys

The Effect of Microstructural Imperfections on Corrosion Fatigue of Additively Manufactured ER70S-6 Alloy Produced by Wire Arc Deposition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About