Wireless industrial communication for connected shuttle systems in warehouses

Karaağaç, Abdulkadir; Haxhibeqiri, Jetmir; Joseph, Wout; Moerman, Ingrid; Hoebeke, Jeroen

doi:10.1109/wfcs.2017.7991971

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Even when limitations are mentioned, analyzing the impact of regulations is often left for future research. For example, [11] describes network architectures for wireless connected shuttles in warehouses using IEEE 802. 15.4 in the 868 MHz band, but only mentions that latency bounded operations are limited due to duty cycle operations.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of EU duty cycle and transmission power limitations for sub-GHz LPWAN SRDs: an overview and future challenges

Saelens

Hoebeke

Shahid

et al. 2019

J Wireless Com Network

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Long-range sub-GHz technologies such as LoRaWAN, SigFox, IEEE 802.15.4, and DASH7 are increasingly popular for academic research and daily life applications. However, especially in the European Union (EU), the use of their corresponding frequency bands are tightly regulated, since they must confirm to the short-range device (SRD) regulations. Regulations and standards for SRDs exist on various levels, from global to national, but are often a source of confusion. Not only are multiple institutes responsible for drafting legislation and regulations, depending on the type of document can these rules be informational or mandatory. Regulations also vary from region to region; for example, regulations in the United States of America (USA) rely on electrical field strength and harmonic strength, while EU regulations are based on duty cycle and maximum transmission power. A common misconception is the presence of a common 1% duty cycle, while in fact the duty cycle is frequency band-specific and can be loosened under certain circumstances. This paper clarifies the various regulations for the European region, the parties involved in drafting and enforcing regulation, and the impact on recent technologies such as SigFox, LoRaWAN, and DASH7. Furthermore, an overview is given of potential mitigation approaches to cope with the duty cycle constraints, as well as future research directions. more and more relevant. For example, LoRa duty cycle limitations already impacts, among others, the throughput of the downlink communication, the (un)availability of acknowledgements, the feasibility of over the air firmware upgrades, geolocation inaccuracies, and scalability [1][2][3][4]. Several models predict that the probability of duty cycle violations during downlink communication will further increase, up to 20% for SigFox and 15% for LoRaWAN [5]. Similar impacts are expected for other technologies operating in sub-GHz radio frequency bands.However, despite the large impact of these regulations, many researchers are unaware of the exact limits and are not aware of mitigation techniques they can apply. Various institutes have each implemented regulations on the availability of radio spectrum for SRDs and their usage restrictions. This fragmentation causes confusion and misconceptions for researchers and manufacturers alike.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of EU duty cycle and transmission power limitations for sub-GHz LPWAN SRDs: an overview and future challenges

Saelens

Hoebeke

Shahid

et al. 2019

J Wireless Com Network

Self Cite

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“…15.4-2015 [9], several low-power MAC protocols were adopted. The time-slotted channel hopping (TSCH) [10] and the superframe-based MAC protocol [11] can reduce power consumption by introducing a synchronized operation. In contrast, the coordinated sampled listening (CSL) [12] and the receiver-initiated transmission (RIT) [13] do not require synchronization for the low-power operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Wi-SUN JUTA Profile-Compliant F-RIT Protocol

Okumura

Mizutani

Harada

2021

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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In this paper, the world's first experimental evaluation of the Wi-SUN Japan Utility Telemetering Association (JUTA) profilecompliant feathery receiver-initiated transmission (JUTA F-RIT) protocol is conducted. Firstly, the transmission success rate in an interference environment is evaluated by theoretical analysis and computer simulations. The analysis is derived from the interference model focusing on the carrier sense. The analysis and simulation results agree as regards the transmission success rate of the JUTA F-RIT protocol. Secondly, we develop the dongletype prototype that hosts the JUTA F-RIT protocol. Measurement results in a cochannel interference environment show that the transmission success rate at the lower MAC layer is around 94% when the number of terminals is 20. When the waiting time for the establishment of the communication link can be extended to exceed 10 s, the JUTA F-RIT protocol can achieve the transmission success rate of over 90% without the re-establishment of the communication link and re-transmission of data frames. Moreover, the experimental results are examined from two viewpoints of the performance of the frame transmissions and the timeout incident, and the feature of the JUTA F-RIT protocol are discussed.

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“…For example, a wireless network architecture, Industrial Automation-Factory Automation (WIA-FA), is designed and implemented in factory automation [1]. Furthermore, some researches also plan differently to react to different AGV usage scenarios in the industrial networks such as [2]. A flexible and reliable network is designed in the warehouse shuttle system by IEEE 802.15.4 to support dense goods placement in [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, some researches also plan differently to react to different AGV usage scenarios in the industrial networks such as [2]. A flexible and reliable network is designed in the warehouse shuttle system by IEEE 802.15.4 to support dense goods placement in [2]. Authors in [3] combine the advantages of two network architecture, wireless mesh network and the enterprise network, to improve the performance of AGVs in transmitting unicast and multicast traffic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SD-FFR: Software Defined Fast Failure Recovery Mechanism in the Automatic Warehouse

Bai,

Huang

2020

Preprint

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Due to the rapid development of IoT technology, automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) interact with an industrial control system (ICS) through the wireless network to support the freight distribution in the automated warehouse. However, the message exchange among AGVs and the ICS would experience large packet loss or long transmission delay, in the presence of wireless network link failure and link congestion. Therefore, the performance of warehouse automation would be degraded. In this paper, we propose the Software Defined Fast Failure Recovery (SD-FFR) mechanism, aiming to improve network reliability and avoid link congestion caused by load unbalance. With SD-FFR, when link failure occurs, the SDN controller actively detects the link failure within milliseconds, and then reroutes the affected traffic flows accordingly. The proposed SD-FFR mechanism also takes load balance into consideration in selecting routing paths when a new traffic flow joins or link failure occurs in the network. The evaluation results show that network performance can be time efficiently improved.

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Wireless industrial communication for connected shuttle systems in warehouses

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Impact of EU duty cycle and transmission power limitations for sub-GHz LPWAN SRDs: an overview and future challenges

Impact of EU duty cycle and transmission power limitations for sub-GHz LPWAN SRDs: an overview and future challenges

Feasibility Study of Wi-SUN JUTA Profile-Compliant F-RIT Protocol

SD-FFR: Software Defined Fast Failure Recovery Mechanism in the Automatic Warehouse

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