1998
DOI: 10.1109/98.683743
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Wireless local loop: architecture, technologies and services

Abstract: Wireless local loop (WLL) provides two-way calling services to the stationary or "fixed" users, which is intended to replace its wireline counterpart. Today, there are almost 100 WLL systems (either trials or commercial systems). This article describes the WLL, architecture, the WTJ, technologies, WTL service descriptions, and some examples of WLL products.

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Cited by 25 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…call waiting, call forwarding, conference-calling, calling number identification, etc.). In addition, as in the wired systems, the features such as custom calling features, Centrex features can be supported by the switch [4,6]. If the air-interface provides a transparent channel to the switch, these service features depend totally on the switch functions.…”
Section: Generic Wll System Architecturementioning
confidence: 98%
“…call waiting, call forwarding, conference-calling, calling number identification, etc.). In addition, as in the wired systems, the features such as custom calling features, Centrex features can be supported by the switch [4,6]. If the air-interface provides a transparent channel to the switch, these service features depend totally on the switch functions.…”
Section: Generic Wll System Architecturementioning
confidence: 98%
“…M-governance can be considered a subset that facilitates e-governance or as a form of governance on its own [7]. Mobile governance is the use of mobile technologies (such as SMS, USSD) in the domains of citizen participation, provision of public services, information and public awareness to reach wider population segments as compared to those currently accessing the Internet [8].…”
Section: M-governmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Satellite systems are designed for a Gaussian or Rician channel with K factor greater than 7 dB. These systems can be either of technology designed speci"cally for WLL applications or of technology piggybacked onto mobile satellite systems as an adjunct service [4]. Of these, the former o!ers quality and grade of service comparable to wireline access, but it may be expensive.…”
Section: Satellite-based Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%