Wireless monitoring of the biological object state at microwave frequencies: A review

Vendik, I.; Vendik, O. G.; Kozlov, Dmitry; Munina, Irina; Pleskachev, V.; Rusakov, Alexander

doi:10.1134/s1063784216010242

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Instead of the imaginary part of the permittivity, the electrical conductivity of the medium σ = ε 0 ε ω + σ 0 is used (σ 0 is the frequency-independent conductivity). The frequency dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the relative dielectric permittivity and conductivity calculated for an averaged biological tissue by formula (1) is given in Figure 2 [13].…”

Section: Propagation Of the Em Wave In A Biological Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where β is the propagation constant, and α is the damping ratio. In the case of a small value of loss tangent (σ ω ), the parameters β and α may be written as [12,13]:…”

Section: Propagation Of the Em Wave In A Biological Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The propagation of spherical EM waves with the angle of incidence θ, considered far away from the source, can be described as the first approximation in terms of plane waves. The diffraction of a spherical wave on a flat interface between two dielectric media (Figure 3a) is characterized by the refraction angle ψ of a plane EM wave related to the angle of incidence θ as [13] ( ) ( )…”

Section: Propagation Of the Em Wave Through The Biological Medium-air...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wireless Monitoring of Biological Objects at Microwaves

Vendik

Pleskachev³

et al. 2021

Electronics

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Electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation inside and along the surface of the human body is the subject of active research in the field of biomedical applications of microwaves. This research area is the basis for wireless monitoring of biological object parameters and characteristics. Solutions to the following problems are crucial for achieving the stated goals in the area of wireless monitoring: EM wave propagation inside and on-body surface. The biological object monitoring is based on a consideration of the following problems: (i) dielectric properties of a biological issue; (ii) EM wave propagation in biological medium; (iii) propagation of EM waves across the boundary of two media (biological medium–air): wave reflection and refraction; (iv) EM wave propagation in a multilayer biological medium; (v) EM wave propagation along the plane or curved surface of biological objects.

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Section: Propagation Of the Em Wave In A Biological Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where β is the propagation constant, and α is the damping ratio. In the case of a small value of loss tangent (σ ω ), the parameters β and α may be written as [12,13]:…”

Section: Propagation Of the Em Wave In A Biological Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Propagation Of the Em Wave Through The Biological Medium-air...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wireless Monitoring of Biological Objects at Microwaves

Vendik

Pleskachev³

et al. 2021

Electronics

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“…At frequencies above 100 MHz, the peculiarity of the membrane capacitance due to the rotational and vibrational properties of polar water molecules leads to a decrease in the dielectric constant of the biological medium and an increase in conductivity with increasing frequency [12]. The body structures are sources of lowintensity electromagnetic radiation (power and tension) both by themselves and with a specific external excitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of application of frequency resonance therapy for treatment of cow mastitis

et al. 2020

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The physiological aspects of the implementation of the cow milk transfer reflex during machine milking are the result of exposure to the threshold force of a given value of a variable vacuum and simultaneous mechanical irritation by the teat rubber of the udder of the cow udder system. This effect leads to the discovery of sphincters with the subsequent release of the hormone oxytocin by the pituitary gland and the milk accumulation from the alveolar udder tissue. Signal environmental factors (sounds of a vacuum pump, milking machines, feeder) cause reactions in cows not only by irritation but also by frequency. It has been established that exposure to a high-frequency electromagnetic field destroys most of the common causative agents of mastitis-staphylococci, streptococci. For the treatment of mastitis, stimulation of lactation and the reflex of milk flow in cows, it is promising to apply the effect of a high frequency electromagnetic field modulated by radio frequencies, which contribute to the conversion of electromagnetic field energy into energy of nerve impulses and chemical reactions of mitochondrial cellular mechanisms of udder alveolar tissue cells. The use of alternating sets of specific frequencies of a modulating electromagnetic field of high frequency allows the alternation of “killer” frequencies for microbes with stimulating secretion of alveolar cells of the udder and with frequencies that act anti-inflammatory. It is essential to determine the frequencies that create protective inhibition from exposure to extreme irritations of milking factors (increased vacuum, durable worn nipple rubber). With prolonged exposure to an electromagnetic field, such frequencies a repeating conditioned stimulus of a weak strength, which precede and accompany the impact of the milking machine, and stimulate the activity of the nerve centers of the milk yield reflex in cows, creating a dominant lactation.

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“…To achieve triple band notches and to remove existing wireless systems from the Ultra wideband frequency band, UWB antenna with are realized with the electronic ring resonator, circular patch fed by a CPW. And UWB antenna achieved a fractional bandwidth from 2.5-15 GHz with a band notches from WiMax and WLAN.To achieve UWB antenna with double polarization and wide axial ratio bandwidth [6], antenna used hexagonal along with rectangular stub in the ground and hexagonal wide slot in radiating patch. Antenna achieved a fractional bandwidth from 3.1-10.8 GHz and axial ratio bandwidth of 67.76% frequency from 4-8.1 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Self Complementary UWB Antenna with Triple Band Notch Characteristics for Wireless Communications

Krishna*¹,

Kumar²,

Reddy³

2019

IJRTE

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the objective of this paper is to design and analysis of the Ultra wide Band Micro strip Patch Antenna which covers the Ultra Wide Band 2.9 to 21.5 GHz. To get an optimum results and performance of the projected self complementary UWB antenna depends on the study of dissimilar methods for optimizing the different parameters of the radiating patch along with notch dimensions. The proposed self complementary UWB antenna with overlapped rectangular shape patch and Defected DGS is designed with C-Slot in the radiating patch element and ground with L shaped slot which covers the whole UWB frequency band apart from band notches WLAN (5.125-5.825 GHz) ,Satellite Communications (7.9-8.5 GHz) and Ku band 13.4-14.5GHz.The UWB antenna performance is improved in terms of the Bandwidth by including Rectangular shaped slit between feeding element and the radiating patch. Now a days it is important to avoid existing wireless communication networks from the design of UWB antenna. The self complementary UWB antenna impedance bandwidth from 2.9 GHz to 21.5 GHz with a maximum of return loss S11 -43 dB at operating frequency10.5 GHz and with a Gain of 5.64dB.

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Wireless monitoring of the biological object state at microwave frequencies: A review

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Wireless Monitoring of Biological Objects at Microwaves

Wireless Monitoring of Biological Objects at Microwaves

Results of application of frequency resonance therapy for treatment of cow mastitis

Compact Self Complementary UWB Antenna with Triple Band Notch Characteristics for Wireless Communications

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