Wireless Sensor Network based Water Monitoring Systems: A survey

Pujar, Prasad M.; Kenchannavar, Harish H.; Kulkarni, Umakant P.

doi:10.1109/icatcct.2016.7911983

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To extend the capabilities of the off-line monitoring systems, researchers approached towards usage of the WSN technology [68,76,77]. In a typical WSN (Figure 1), a sensor node (an MCU-based kit) first reads in the sensors data (e.g., leakage) being installed on-site.…”

Section: Wsn-based Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Based Solutions to Monitor Water Level, Leakage, and Motor Control for Smart Water Tanks

Jan

Min‐Allah

Saeed

et al. 2022

Water

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Today, a large portion of the human population around the globe has no access to freshwater for drinking, cooking, and other domestic applications. Water resources in numerous countries are becoming scarce due to over urbanization, rapid industrial growth, and current global warming. Water is often stored in the aboveground or underground tanks. In developing countries, these tanks are maintained manually, and in some cases, water is wasted due to human negligence. In addition, water could also leak out from tanks and supply pipes due to the decayed infrastructure. To address these issues, researchers worldwide turned to the Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology to efficiently monitor water levels, detect leakage, and auto refill tanks whenever needed. Notably, this technology can also supply real-time feedback to end-users and other experts through a webpage or a smartphone. Literature reveals a plethora of review articles on smart water monitoring, including water quality, supply pipes leakage, and water waste recycling. However, none of the reviews focus on the IoT-based solution to monitor water level, detect water leakage, and auto control water pumps, especially at the induvial level that form a vast proportion of water consumers worldwide. To fill this gap in the literature, this study presents a review of IoT-controlled water storage tanks (IoT-WST). Some important contributions of our work include surveying contemporary work on IoT-WST, elaborating current techniques and technologies in IoT-WST, targeting proper hardware, and selecting a secure IoT cloud server.

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Section: Wsn-based Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Based Solutions to Monitor Water Level, Leakage, and Motor Control for Smart Water Tanks

Jan

Min‐Allah

Saeed

et al. 2022

Water

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show abstract

“…In brief, WSN-based water quality monitoring systems [19,33] work as follows: First, an embedded microprocessor-based gadget (also called node) reads specific water properties using portable sensors (e.g., pH) installed on-site. Next, it processes acquired data locally if required.…”

Section: Wsn-based Water Quality Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT Based Smart Water Quality Monitoring: Recent Techniques, Trends and Challenges for Domestic Applications

Jan

Min‐Allah

Düştegör

2021

Water

143

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Safe water is becoming a scarce resource, due to the combined effects of increased population, pollution, and climate changes. Water quality monitoring is thus paramount, especially for domestic water. Traditionally used laboratory-based testing approaches are manual, costly, time consuming, and lack real-time feedback. Recently developed systems utilizing wireless sensor network (WSN) technology have reported weaknesses in energy management, data security, and communication coverage. Due to the recent advances in Internet-of-Things (IoT) that can be applied in the development of more efficient, secure, and cheaper systems with real-time capabilities, we present here a survey aimed at summarizing the current state of the art regarding IoT based smart water quality monitoring systems (IoT-WQMS) especially dedicated for domestic applications. In brief, this study probes into common water-quality monitoring (WQM) parameters, their safe-limits for drinking water, related smart sensors, critical review, and ratification of contemporary IoT-WQMS via a proposed empirical metric, analysis, and discussion and, finally, design recommendations for an efficient system. No doubt, this study will benefit the developing field of smart homes, offices, and cities.

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“…These nodes have built-in batteries, enabling them to function autonomously in vast and challenging environments, such as forests, oceans, and deserts, where human access is difficult [3], [4]. With these advantages, various WSNs applications have been proposed, including pollution measurement [5], [6], water quality management [7], forest fire detection systems [8], and agricultural monitoring systems [9]. Especially, WSNs are suitable for military applications due to their ease of deployment, concealability, fault tolerance, wide coverage, and capability for unattended operation [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Impact of Deployment Errors in Location-Based Key Predistribution Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Kim,

Lim,

Kwon

2024

IEEE Access

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Location-based pairwise key predistribution protocols have been developed as promising solutions for addressing security concerns in wireless sensor networks. These methods efficiently distribute symmetric keys among sensor nodes based on their locations, thereby enhancing security. However, prior designs often assumed ideal node locations without giving sufficient consideration to possible deployment errors. Such an error, causing a node to move out of its intended grid cell location, can significantly impact network connectivity. In real-world scenarios, these errors may arise due to 3D terrain features, such as slopes and other physical environmental factors. Unfortunately, these factors have often been overlooked by existing location-based schemes, indicating the necessity for revisiting these methods. In this paper, we bridge this gap by simulating node deployments across various 3D terrains while considering physical factors. We scrutinize the correlation between physical environmental factors and deployment errors and evaluate the performance of both computation-based and storage-based protocols. Furthermore, we identify conditions that minimize deployment errors, thereby enhancing the performance of locationbased pairwise key predistribution protocols. Our experimental results show that terrain features and external physical factors significantly influence the performance of location-based protocols, and their consideration is necessary.INDEX TERMS Wireless sensor networks, location-based pairwise key predistribution, deployment error.

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Wireless Sensor Network based Water Monitoring Systems: A survey

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

IoT-Based Solutions to Monitor Water Level, Leakage, and Motor Control for Smart Water Tanks

IoT-Based Solutions to Monitor Water Level, Leakage, and Motor Control for Smart Water Tanks

IoT Based Smart Water Quality Monitoring: Recent Techniques, Trends and Challenges for Domestic Applications

On the Impact of Deployment Errors in Location-Based Key Predistribution Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

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