Wireless Sensor Network Security Enhancement Using Directional Antennas: State of the Art and Research Challenges

Curiac, Daniel-Ioan

doi:10.3390/s16040488

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…If HS is assumed to have measurement data on RxP vs. delay without jammers, then it can guess that the current excessive delay is possibly due to jamming powers. Other methods to avoid or detect jamming such as using directional antennas are intensively summarized in [23]. …”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random Access Performance of Distributed Sensors Attacked by Unknown Jammers

Jeong

Wui

Kim

2017

Sensors

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In this paper, we model and investigate the random access (RA) performance of sensor nodes (SN) in a wireless sensor network (WSN). In the WSN, a central head sensor (HS) collects the information from distributed SNs, and jammers disturb the information transmission primarily by generating interference. In this paper, two jamming attacks are considered: power and code jamming. Power jammers (if they are friendly jammers) generate noises and, as a result, degrade the quality of the signal from SNs. Power jamming is equally harmful to all the SNs that are accessing HS and simply induces denial of service (DoS) without any need to hack HS or SNs. On the other hand, code jammers mimic legitimate SNs by sending fake signals and thus need to know certain system parameters that are used by the legitimate SNs. As a result of code jamming, HS falsely allocates radio resources to SNs. The code jamming hence increases the failure probability in sending the information messages, as well as misleads the usage of radio resources. In this paper, we present the probabilities of successful preamble transmission with power ramping according to the jammer types and provide the resulting throughput and delay of information transmission by SNs, respectively. The effect of two jamming attacks on the RA performances is compared with numerical investigation. The results show that, compared to RA without jammers, power and code jamming degrade the throughput by up to 30.3% and 40.5%, respectively, while the delay performance by up to 40.1% and 65.6%, respectively.

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random Access Performance of Distributed Sensors Attacked by Unknown Jammers

Jeong

Wui

Kim

2017

Sensors

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“…Although omnidirectional antennas lead to poor network performance due to interference and short transmission range, previous studies investigated network connectivity using omnidirectional antennas [6]. However, directional antennas have become mandatory in future generations of WSNs requiring high network connectivity [7]. Employing a directional antenna model may be very complicated when optimal bounds of network connectivity are sought for specific applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamforming Optimization in Internet of Things Applications Using Robust Swarm Algorithm in Conjunction with Connectable and Collaborative Sensors

Hasan

Al‐Rizzo

2020

Sensors

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The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) with Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) typically involves multihop relaying combined with sophisticated signal processing to serve as an information provider for several applications such as smart grids, industrial, and search-and-rescue operations. These applications entail deploying many sensors in environments that are often random which motivated the study of beamforming using random geometric topologies. This paper introduces a new algorithm for the synthesis of several geometries of Collaborative Beamforming (CB) of virtual sensor antenna arrays with maximum mainlobe and minimum sidelobe levels (SLL) as well as null control using Canonical Swarm Optimization (CPSO) algorithm. The optimal beampattern is achieved by optimizing the current excitation weights for uniform and non-uniform interelement spacings based on the network connectivity of the virtual antenna arrays using a node selection scheme. As compared to conventional beamforming, convex optimization, Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the proposed CPSO achieves significant reduction in SLL, control of nulls, and increased gain in mainlobe directed towards the desired base station when the node selection technique is implemented with CB.

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“…Also, directional antennas have been proposed as an alternative to increase the security in WSN [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Parasitic Interference Directional Antennas with Multiple Director Elements

Schandy

Steinfeld

Rodríguez

et al. 2019

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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The Swedish Institute of Computer Science Parasitic Interference Directional Antenna (SPIDA) is an electrically switched directional antenna that uses switched beamforming techniques to shape the antenna radiation pattern focusing the transmitted power in a given direction, increasing the maximum gain, and simultaneously reducing interference in other directions. This work extends the use of the SPIDA antenna, showing that using multiple director elements results in an improved performance in terms of maximum gain, narrower Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW), and a lower module of the S11 parameter. Measurements show that using three directors improves the maximum gain about 1.4 dB (6.8 dBi for the single director element antenna against 8.2 dBi for the antenna with three directors); the input impedance matching was also improved, obtaining a module of S11 parameter of -9.8 dB at the central frequency (fc = 2.4525 GHz) against -7.5 dB for the antenna with a single director element. Finally, new intermediate directions of transmission can be achieved by using two successive director elements, where the power is focused in the bisectrix of the angle formed by the two directors. This converts a six-sector antenna like the SPIDA into a twelve-sector antenna without changing the hardware.

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Wireless Sensor Network Security Enhancement Using Directional Antennas: State of the Art and Research Challenges

Cited by 39 publications

References 71 publications

Random Access Performance of Distributed Sensors Attacked by Unknown Jammers

Random Access Performance of Distributed Sensors Attacked by Unknown Jammers

Beamforming Optimization in Internet of Things Applications Using Robust Swarm Algorithm in Conjunction with Connectable and Collaborative Sensors

Enhancing Parasitic Interference Directional Antennas with Multiple Director Elements

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