WITHDRAWN: D-Dimer and Serum Ferritin as an Independent Risk Factor for Severity in COVID-19 Patients

Hussein, Ali M.; Taha, Zhala B.; Malek, Ahmed Gailan; Rasul, Kamgar Akram; Kasim, Dur Hazim; Ahmed, Reman Jalal; Mohamed, Usama Badraden

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.04.009

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In our study, no significant differences were found between the patient groups in terms of LDH levels; however, the levels of this marker were above the normal ranges. Serum ferritin level has shown a strong association with the incidence of COVID-19 [ 43 , 44 ], which is consistent with our findings. For this reason, patients with unusual ferritin levels should be carefully monitored [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Serum ferritin level has shown a strong association with the incidence of COVID-19 [ 43 , 44 ], which is consistent with our findings. For this reason, patients with unusual ferritin levels should be carefully monitored [ 44 , 45 ]. Previous reports have also shown that the coagulation marker (D-dimer) was significantly higher in the severe group of patients with COVID-19 and those admitted to the ICU than in the mild group of patients with COVID-19 or those not admitted to the ICU [ 28 , 37 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…For this reason, patients with unusual ferritin levels should be carefully monitored [ 44 , 45 ]. Previous reports have also shown that the coagulation marker (D-dimer) was significantly higher in the severe group of patients with COVID-19 and those admitted to the ICU than in the mild group of patients with COVID-19 or those not admitted to the ICU [ 28 , 37 , 44 ]. Tang et al showed that the elevated D-dimer and fibrin levels, and the prothrombin time (PT) in admitted patients, were related to poor prognosis [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Damiati

Bahlas

Aljohaney

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Background The current coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is characterized by atypical pneumonia, mild colds, and more severe illnesses, such as severe acute respiratory distress, thrombosis, organ failure, and various secondary bacterial and fungal infections. Notably, the severity of COVID-19 in different age groups is not well known, and the validity of clinical laboratory data remains unclear. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we examined differential regulation of clinical, hematologic, and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients. We divided 104 COVID-19 patients into five different groups according to age (0-17, 18-45, 46-65, 66-79, and >80 years). Baseline data (sex, comorbidities, intensive care admission, and medications), hematologic markers, liver, and renal function tests, coagulation, and inflammatory markers were examined in these groups. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal threshold for predicting COVID-19 biological markers. Results We found that the highest percentage (45%) of COVID-19 patients was in the age group of 46-65 years. The hematologic parameters (WBC, HB, and PLT) were normal between the patient groups. The area under the curve in ROC analysis showed significant differences in the levels of creatine, GGT, BUN, CRP, D-dimer, ferritin, AST, and procalcitonin between the patients of age groups 46-65 and 66-79 years. Renal biomarkers were significantly high in most patients, regardless of age. In contrast, the liver biomarkers, did not differ significantly between patient groups. Conclusion The main finding of our study is that laboratory parameters such as GGT, creatinine, BUN, CRP, procalcitonin, ferritin and D-dimer were differentially regulated in COVID -19 patients of different age groups. Importantly, these laboratory parameters may help as clinical predictors to assess the severity of the disease in the population. We conclude here that age is an important factor influencing COVID-19 severity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Damiati

Bahlas

Aljohaney

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For instance, LDH was reported to increase in severely symptomatic patients to reach 6-fold its normal values ( Henry et al, 2020 ). Serum ferritin and D-dimer were significantly increased in COVID patients and elevated in more virulent cases ( Cheng et al, 2020 ; Hussein et al, 2021 ). Platelets and total leucocytes declined in COVID patients as reported by Wool and Miller ( Wool and Miller, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Identifying SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Mutation Hallmarks and Correlating Them With Clinical Outcomes in Egypt: A Pilot Study

Agwa

Elghazaly

Meteini

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to over 4.9 million deaths as of October 2021. One of the main challenges of creating vaccines, treatment, or diagnostic tools for the virus is its mutations and emerging variants. A couple of variants were declared as more virulent and infectious than others. Some approaches were used as nomenclature for SARS-CoV-2 variants and lineages. One of the most used is the Pangolin nomenclature. In our study, we enrolled 35 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients and sequenced the viral RNA in their samples. We also aimed to highlight the hallmark mutations in the most frequent lineage. We identified a seven-mutation signature for the SARS-CoV-2 C36 lineage, detected in 56 countries and an emerging lineage in Egypt. In addition, we identified one mutation which was highly negatively correlated with the lineage. On the other hand, we found no significant correlation between our clinical outcomes and the C36 lineage. In conclusion, the C36 lineage is an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant that needs more investigation regarding its clinical outcomes compared to other strains. Our study paves the way for easier diagnosis of variants of concern using mutation signatures.

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“…6 In addition, ferritin was a marker of systemic inflammation and can be used to determine the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. 5,23 Chen et al (2020) in their study stated that severe COVID-19 patients had higher ferritin levels than moderate COVID-19 patients, indicating the inflammatory process was higher in severe COVID-19 patients. 5 Many previous studies have shown that administration of mesenchymal stem cells is beneficial in reducing levels of inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 and ferritin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effectiveness and safety profile of mesenchymal stem cell secretome as a treatment for severe cases of COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2022

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Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and angiogenesis effects that are useful for relieving inflammation, recovery, and protection of lung tissues in COVID-19 patients. Secretome, a secretory product of MSCs, has several advantages over MSCs. We conducted a study to investigate secretomes’ effectiveness and safety profile as a treatment for severe COVID-19. Methods: A double-blind, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted between February 2021 and July 2021 in three top COVID-19 referral hospitals in the Greater Jakarta area, Indonesia. Eligible subjects (n=40) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to an intervention group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). The primary outcome of this study was the changes in inflammatory markers and the ratio of inflammatory to anti-inflammatory markers. The secondary outcomes of this study included clinical outcome, laboratory outcome, radiological outcome, RT-PCR result conversion, and safety profile of MSC secretome. Results: Our analysis showed that on the 14th day after placebo administration, IL-6 level in the control group was significantly increased [4.110 (2.403–12.820) at baseline to 13.320 (2.958–33.285) on the 14th day after intervention, p=0.017]. The IL-6/IL-10 ratio in the control group was significantly increased (p=0.036) on the 14th day after placebo administration. We also found that most of the subjects who received placebo had high levels of IL-6 and ferritin (p=0.043) on the seventh day after the intervention. However, we found no significant differences in inflammatory marker levels on the seventh day and 14th day after intervention between both groups. There was no adverse event reported. There were no significant differences in the laboratory outcome, radiology outcome, RT-PCR result conversion, and safety profiles between both groups. Conclusions: MSC secretome can control inflammation in patients with severe COVID-19 and has a good safety profile. MSC secretome is a promising treatment modality for severe COVID-19.

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WITHDRAWN: D-Dimer and Serum Ferritin as an Independent Risk Factor for Severity in COVID-19 Patients

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the clinical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Identifying SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Mutation Hallmarks and Correlating Them With Clinical Outcomes in Egypt: A Pilot Study

Effectiveness and safety profile of mesenchymal stem cell secretome as a treatment for severe cases of COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial

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