WITHDRAWN: Medical oxygen supply during COVID-19: A study with specific reference to State of Andhra Pradesh, India

Availability of Oxygen and Other Essential Medical Products in COVID-19 Treatment Facilities of Nepal

“…However, due to unavailability of piped supply, most facilities treated patients with oxygen from portable cylinders or concentrators. 3 In Nepal, there is a paucity of national-level data that describe the availability of essential medical products and oxygen supply, particularly during this pandemic. To fill this gap, we performed a cross-sectional assessment in government-designated COVID-19 treatment facilities.…”

“…5,6 As the production and supply of oxygen involves multiple steps, from liquid oxygen production in a plant to feeding gaseous oxygen through pipelines and to supply the patients, during crisis-induced high demand of oxygen, the manufacturers should be able to speed up their production processes by adopting newer technology and innovations. 3,7 In settings where regular electricity is a challenge, cylinders should be the preferred source of oxygen as these are replenishable and do not require electricity unlike concentrators and plants. 5,7 Moreover, the relevant national policies and processes could be revised to ensure the adequate availability of all essential medical products in all health care facilities.…”

“…5,7 Moreover, the relevant national policies and processes could be revised to ensure the adequate availability of all essential medical products in all health care facilities. 3,7 The ratings of availability of items in the table are 0 (absent; none of the facilities had sufficient supply of items), 1 (inadequate; 50% or less facilities had sufficient supply), 2 (partially adequate; >50% of facilities but not all had sufficient supply of items), 3 (adequate; all facilities had sufficient supply of items). Sufficient supply was defined as having >20 pieces for oxygen cylinders and >10 pieces for other essential medical products in level hospitals, and 5 or more pieces of oxygen cylinders and at least one piece of other products in clinics.…”

“…5,7 Moreover, the relevant national policies and processes could be revised to ensure the adequate availability of all essential medical products in all health care facilities. 3,7…”

Higher versus lower oxygenation targets in COVID‐19 patients with severe hypoxaemia (HOT‐COVID) trial: Protocol for a secondary Bayesian analysis

“…Titration of the oxygen therapy for critically ill adults remains a much contested issue and determining a range of safe and possibly superior oxygenation levels for patients with severe COVID‐19 has the potential to improve treatment and to ensure a more effective use of available oxygen supplies 6–13 …”