Within‐stem variation of respiration in <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> (Douglas‐fir) trees

Pruyn, Michele L.; Gartner, Barbara L.; Harmon, Mark E.

doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00380.x

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The patterns of increasing respiratory potential from the sapwood/heartwood boundary to the inner bark identified within the ten different tree species from the central Cascades, Oregon were similar to those in Pinus ponderosa and Pseudotusga menziesii (Pruyn et al 2002a(Pruyn et al , 2002b. Increased respiratory activity of the inner bark and outer sapwood rings of stems may be related to their ray parenchyma cells being more involved in supporting growth and secondary wall formation in the cambial zone (Goodwin and Goddard 1940) as compared to the inner rings where the roles of parenchyma may be more storage oriented (Dickson 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Immediately prior to measurement, core segments were re-weighed and placed in 25 ml vials, which were then sealed with gas-tight rubber septa. Respiration of core samples was measured using a previously developed protocol, which was proven reliable and repeatable (Pruyn et al 2002b), and free of potential artifacts from measurement conditions (e.g. oxygen depletion in the vials, or non-sapwood parenchyma cell sources of CO 2 production).…”

Section: Respiratory Measurements-laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of GC analysis, calculation of respiratory potential (nmol CO 2 cm 3 s 1 ), and comparisons to other methods of measuring respiration (e.g. infra red gas analysis) were reported in Pruyn et al (2002aPruyn et al ( , 2002b. Immediately following the GC analysis, core segments were weighed a third time.…”

Section: Respiratory Measurements-laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stem respiratory potential in six softwood and four hardwood tree species in the central cascades of Oregon

2003

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Mature and old growth trees of varying sapwood thickness were compared with regard to stem respiration. An increment core-based, laboratory method under controlled temperature was used to measure tissue-level respiration (termed respiratory potential) of ten different tree species. Bark (dead outer and live inner combined), sapwood, and heartwood thickness measurements were used to predict sapwood volume from stem diameter (including bark) for four of the ten species. These predictions of sapwood volume were used to scale respiratory potential to the main-bole level (excluding all branches). On the core level, species that maintained narrow sapwood (8-16% of bole radius) such as Pseudotusga menziesii, Taxus brevifolia, and Thuja plicata, had sapwood respiratory potentials in the lower bole that were 50% higher (P<0.05) than species with wide sapwood (>16% of bole radius), such as Abies amabilis, Pinus monticola, and Tsuga heterophylla. This pattern was not observed for inner bark respiratory potential, or for sapwood respiratory potential within the crown. On the main-bole level, respiratory potential per unit volume was inversely correlated to the live bole volumetric fraction (inner bark plus sapwood divided by whole bole volume) (Adj. R(2)=0.6). Specifically, tree species with 18-20% of the main bole alive potentially respired 1.3-3 times more per unit live bole volume than species with over 40%, suggesting that the live bole was less metabolically active in tree species that maintained large volumes of sapwood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Respiratory Measurements-laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stem respiratory potential in six softwood and four hardwood tree species in the central cascades of Oregon

2003

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“…First, we scaled up rates of F s at DBH to the entire stem, while it has been reported that specific rates of respiration vary along the stem (e.g. Damesin et al, 2002;Pruyn et al, 2002). Second, in April, sapwood-based F s rates were negatively correlated with stem diameter -suggesting that smaller and perhaps younger stems had a higher cambial activity than larger ones (Bosc et al, 2003).…”

Section: Stand-level Stem C0 2 Effluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem CO2 efflux and its contribution to ecosystem CO2 efflux decrease with drought in a Mediterranean forest stand

Rodríguez‐Calcerrada

Martin‐StPaul

Lempereur

et al. 2014

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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Keywords:Water deficit Respiration acclimation Carbohydrate Carbon balance Forest decline Net ecosystem exchangeThe rate of metabolic processes demanding energy in tree stems changes in relation with prevailing climatic conditions. Tree water availability can affect stem respiration through impacts on growth, phloem transport or maintenance of diverse cellular processes, but little is known on this topic. Here we monitored seasonal changes in stem CO2 efflux(F s ), radial growth, sap flow and non-structural carbohydrates in trees of Quercus ilex in a Mediterranean forest stand subjected since 2003 to either partial (33%) throughfall exclusion (£) or unchanged throughfall (C). F s increased exponentially during the day by an effect of temperature, although sap flow attenuated the increase in F s during the day time. Over the year, F s also increased exponentially with increasing temperatures, but F s computed at a standard temperature of 15 °C (F s 15 ) varied by almost 4-fold among dates. F s 15 was the highest after periods of stem growth and decreased as tree water availability decreased, similarly in Cand E treatments. The decline in F s 15 was not linked to a depletion of soluble sugars, which increased when water stress was higher. The proportion of ecosystem respiration attributed to the stems was highest following stem growth (23.3%) and lowest during the peak of drought (6.5%). High within-year variability in F s 15 makes unadvisable to pool annual data of F s vs. temperature to model F s at short time scales (hours to months) in Mediterranean-type forest ecosystems. We demonstrate that water availability is an important factor governing stem C0 2 efflux and suggest that trees in Mediterranean environments acclimate to seasonal drought by reducing stem respiration. Stem respiratory rates do not seem to change after a long-term increase in drought intensity, however.

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“…The rapid increase in CO 2 efflux observed after tissues are excised or injured is likely the result of rapid diffusion of CO 2 from the xylem, rather than an actual increase in the rate of respiration of the wounded tissues (Teskey et al, 2005). It was reported that 15%-75% of CO 2 moved upward with the sap flow during daytime, while 100% respired CO 2 was released into the ambient atmosphere via the bark at night when the stem sap flow ceased (McGuire et al, 2004;Bowman et al, 2005;Pruyn et al, 2002;. The site of the xylem in the vicinity of the cambium layer contains a large amount of CO 2 at an evidently higher concentration than the surrounding ambient atmosphere, and sometimes it is even 3 times higher (Eklund, 1990;Levy et al, 1999;McGuire et al, 2004).…”

Section: Stem Respiration and Forest Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concentration and efflux of tree stem CO2 and the role of xylem sap flow

Zhao

Hölscher

2008

Front. Biol. China

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The accurate assessment of actual tree stem respiration and its relation with temperature plays a considerable role in investigating the forest carbon cycle. An increasing number of research reports have indicated that tree stem respiration determined with the commonlyapplied chamber gas exchange measuring system does not follow expectations regarding temperature relationships. This method is based on the nowadays widely-accepted theory that the respired CO 2 in a tree stem would all diffuse outward into the atmosphere. However, it neglects partial CO 2 that is dissolved in the xylem sap and is carried away by the transpirational stream. Scientists have started to realize that the respired CO 2 measured with the chamber gas exchange method is only a portion of the total stem respiration (CO 2 efflux), while the other portion, which is sometimes very substantial in quantity (thought to occupy maybe 15%-75% of the total stem respiration), is transported to the upper part of the stem and to the canopy by sap flow. This suggests that the CO 2 produced by respiration is re-allocated within the stem. Accordingly, the change in CO 2 efflux could be reflected in the rates of sap flow in addition to its dependence on temperature. Proper methods and instruments are required to quantify the internal and external CO 2 fluxes in the trunk and their interaction with related environmental factors.

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Within‐stem variation of respiration in Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas‐fir) trees

Cited by 50 publications

References 39 publications

Stem respiratory potential in six softwood and four hardwood tree species in the central cascades of Oregon

Stem respiratory potential in six softwood and four hardwood tree species in the central cascades of Oregon

Stem CO2 efflux and its contribution to ecosystem CO2 efflux decrease with drought in a Mediterranean forest stand

The concentration and efflux of tree stem CO2 and the role of xylem sap flow

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