WNT11 acts as a directional cue to organize the elongation of early muscle fibres

Gros, Jérôme; Serralbo, Olivier; Marcelle, Christophe

doi:10.1038/nature07564

Cited by 188 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In avian species, Wnt11 is expressed by newly gastrulated mesoderm cells and suggested to be involved in the formation of cardiogenic fields and somites (42). Moreover, the specific inhibition of its function in somites leads to the disorganization of myocytes (43). Therefore, Wnt11 is essential for normal convergent extension cell movements in vertebrate gastrulation, where it acts, through its noncanonical signaling, together with the Csk ligands Fyn and Yes (44,45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve growth factor regulates axial rotation during early stages of chick embryo development

Manca

Capsoni²,

Luzio³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Nerve growth factor (NGF) was discovered because of its neurotrophic actions on sympathetic and sensory neurons in the developing chicken embryo. NGF was subsequently found to influence and regulate the function of many neuronal and non neuronal cells in adult organisms. Little is known, however, about the possible actions of NGF during early embryonic stages. However, mRNAs encoding for NGF and its receptors TrkA and p75 NTR are expressed at very early stages of avian embryo development, before the nervous system is formed. The question, therefore, arises as to what might be the functions of NGF in early chicken embryo development, before its well-established actions on the developing sympathetic and sensory neurons. To investigate possible roles of NGF in the earliest stages of development, stage HH 11-12 chicken embryos were injected with an anti-NGF antibody (mAb αD11) that binds mature NGF with high affinity. Treatment with anti-NGF, but not with a control antibody, led to a dose-dependent inversion of the direction of axial rotation. This effect of altered rotation after anti NGF injection was associated with an increased cell death in somites. Concurrently, a microarray mRNA expression analysis revealed that NGF neutralization affects the expression of genes linked to the regulation of development or cell proliferation. These results reveal a role for NGF in early chicken embryo development and, in particular, in the regulation of somite survival and axial rotation, a crucial developmental process linked to left-right asymmetry specification.neurotrophins | rotatin | csk | furin | proNGF

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve growth factor regulates axial rotation during early stages of chick embryo development

Manca

Capsoni²,

Luzio³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Furthermore, the holes in the basement membrane give the cells of both the dermomyotome and myotome access to the surrounding interstitial matrix which could provide structural support for both of these tissues. Another hypothesis to explain the incomplete dermomyotomal basement membrane could be that this epithelium is very dynamic with protrusions of cells sent out and retracted again (Gros et al, 2009;Martins et al, 2009), not permitting the formation of a continuous laminin sheet. The holes in the laminin matrix may also facilitate juxtacrine cell-cell interactions.…”

Section: When the Dermomyotome Dissociates A Fibronectin Matrix Enshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix remodeling accompanies axial muscle development and morphogenesis in the mouse

Deries

Gonçalves

Vaz

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Skeletal myogenesis is extensively influenced by the surrounding environment. However, how the extracellular matrix (ECM) affects morphogenesis of muscles is not well understood. Results: We mapped the three-dimensional (3D) organization of fibronectin, tenascin, and laminin by immunofluorescence during early epaxial myogenesis in mouse embryos. We define four stages of dermomyotome/myotome development and reveal the 3D organization of myogenic cells within their ECM during those stages. Fibronectin is abundant in all interstitial tissues, while tenascin is restricted to intersegmental borders. Bundles of fibronectin and tenascin also penetrate into the myotome, possibly promoting myocyte alignment. A laminin matrix delineates the dermomyotome and myotome and undergoes dynamic changes, correlating with key developmental events. Conclusion: Our observations cast new light on how myotomal cells interact with their environment and suggest that, as the segmented myotomes transform into the epaxial muscle masses, the laminin matrix disassembles and myocytes use the abundant fibronectin matrix to reach their final organization. Developmental Dynamics 241:350-364,

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“…The WNT1 and WNT3A ligands derived from the dorsal neural tube and the surface ectoderm positively regulate skeletal myogenesis within somites via the canonical WNT/␤-catenin signaling pathway (3,4). Furthermore, noncanonical WNT signaling, which transmits signals through the RAC/RHO-dependent planar cell polarity and calcium-PKC pathways, regulates PAX3 and subsequently MYOD expression during myogenic differentiation (5) and a directional elongation of myofibers within the myotome (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Activator, R-spondin, Plays Positive Regulatory Roles during Skeletal Myogenesis

Han

Jin

Seto

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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R-spondins (RSPOs) are a recently characterized family of secreted proteins that activate WNT/␤-catenin signaling. In this study, we investigated the potential roles of the RSPO proteins during myogenic differentiation. Overexpression of the Rspo1 gene or administration of recombinant RSPO2 protein enhanced mRNA and protein expression of a basic helix-loophelix (bHLH) class myogenic determination factor, MYF5, in both C2C12 myoblasts and primary satellite cells, whereas MYOD or PAX7 expression was not affected. RSPOs also promoted myogenic differentiation and induced hypertrophic myotube formation in C2C12 cells. In addition, Rspo2 and Rspo3 gene knockdown by RNA interference significantly compromised MYF5 expression, myogenic differentiation, and myotube formation. Furthermore, Myf5 expression was reduced in the developing limbs of mouse embryos lacking the Rspo2 gene. Finally, we demonstrated that blocking of WNT/␤-catenin signaling by DKK1 or a dominant-negative form of TCF4 reversed MYF5 expression, myogenic differentiation, and hypertrophic myotube formation induced by RSPO2, indicating that RSPO2 exerts its activity through the WNT/␤-catenin signaling pathway. Our results provide strong evidence that RSPOs are key positive regulators of skeletal myogenesis acting through the WNT/␤-catenin signaling pathway.WNT signaling plays diverse roles in normal tissue development during embryogenesis and tissue function in adulthood. The importance of WNT signaling in skeletal myogenesis was initially demonstrated in embryonic skeletal myogenesis (1-4). The WNT1 and WNT3A ligands derived from the dorsal neural tube and the surface ectoderm positively regulate skeletal myogenesis within somites via the canonical WNT/␤-catenin signaling pathway (3, 4). Furthermore, noncanonical WNT signaling, which transmits signals through the RAC/RHO-dependent planar cell polarity and calcium-PKC pathways, regulates PAX3 and subsequently MYOD expression during myogenic differentiation (5) and a directional elongation of myofibers within the myotome (6).Recently, progress has been made in the understanding of the roles of WNT signaling in postnatal myogenesis. For instance, ␤-catenin was shown to promote self-renewal of satellite cells, the muscle stem/progenitor cells residing in adult skeletal muscle (7). In contrast, WNT/␤-catenin signaling was shown to initiate myogenic differentiation of satellite cells by replacing NOTCH signaling, which is critical for self-renewal of satellite cells, through the inhibition of GSK-3␤ (8). It was also demonstrated that the activation of the WNT/␤-catenin pathway occurs within the CD45-positive stem cell population present in regenerating skeletal muscles but not in satellite cells (9). In aged skeletal muscle, WNT10B regulates the balance between myogenic and adipogenic lineage determination (10). WNT signaling was also suggested to induce a fibroblastic phenotype in aged skeletal muscle (11). Furthermore, WNT7A regulates self-renewal of satellite cells via noncanonical WNT signaling (12). These ...

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WNT11 acts as a directional cue to organize the elongation of early muscle fibres

Cited by 188 publications

References 34 publications

Nerve growth factor regulates axial rotation during early stages of chick embryo development

Nerve growth factor regulates axial rotation during early stages of chick embryo development

Extracellular matrix remodeling accompanies axial muscle development and morphogenesis in the mouse

A WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Activator, R-spondin, Plays Positive Regulatory Roles during Skeletal Myogenesis

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