WO3 Based Gas Sensors

Staerz, Anna; Şomăcescu, Simona; Epifani, Mauro; Ruß, Tamara; Bârsan, Nicolae

doi:10.3390/proceedings2130826

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Unlike SnO 2 , which, at 300 °C, shows either a significant decrease in the resistance or no response depending on the preparation method, 35,36 WO 3based sensors consistently show an increase. 52 For the SA WO 3 sample, the increase in the resistance was previously attributed to the direct oxidation of the surface by humidity. 32 In order to determine if this explanation can be applied to all of the other WO 3 samples, operando DRIFT spectra were recorded during exposure to 10% RH referenced to dry synthetic air.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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WO₃-Based Gas Sensors: Identifying Inherent Qualities and Understanding the Sensing Mechanism

et al. 2020

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Semiconducting metal oxide-based gas sensors are an attractive option for a wide array of applications. In particular, sensors based on WO 3 are promising for applications varying from indoor air quality to breath analysis. There is a great breadth of literature which examines how the sensing characteristics of WO 3 can be tuned via changes in, for example, morphology or surface additives. Because of variations in measurement conditions, however, it is difficult to identify inherent qualities of WO 3 from these reports. Here, the sensing behavior of five different WO 3 samples is examined. The samples show good complementarity to SnO 2 (the most commonly used material)-based sensors. A surprising homogeneity, despite variation in morphology and preparation method, is found. Using operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, it is found that the oxygen vacancies are the dominant reaction partner of WO 3 with the analyte gas. This surface chemistry is offered as an explanation for the homogeneity of WO 3 -based sensors.

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Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For the other examined test gases, however, the sensing behavior of the WO 3 -based sensors is found to be generally complementary to the reference SnO 2 . 52 All of the samples respond well to acetone and show lower humidity dependence than SnO 2 . All of the WO 3 -based sensors show a higher response to toluene than SnO 2 .…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 92%

WO₃-Based Gas Sensors: Identifying Inherent Qualities and Understanding the Sensing Mechanism

et al. 2020

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“…Many are the materials used in air pollutant sensors, and among them semiconducting metal oxides are very popular [111]. In particular, WO 3 , due to its peculiarities, is often used as sensor material [112][113][114][115].…”

Section: Wo 3 and Ionic Liquids In Pollutant Gas Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

WO3 and Ionic Liquids: A Synergic Pair for Pollutant Gas Sensing and Desulfurization

D’Anna

Grilli

Petrucci

et al. 2020

Metals

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This review deals with the notable results obtained by the synergy between ionic liquids (ILs) and WO3 in the field of pollutant gas sensing and sulfur removal pretreatment of fuels. Starting from the known characteristics of tungsten trioxide as catalytic material, many authors have proposed the use of ionic liquids in order to both direct WO3 production towards controllable nanostructures (nanorods, nanospheres, etc.) and to modify the metal oxide structure (incorporating ILs) in order to increase the gas adsorption ability and, thus, the catalytic efficiency. Moreover, ionic liquids are able to highly disperse WO3 in composites, thus enhancing the contact surface and the catalytic ability of WO3 in both hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of liquid fuels. In particular, the use of ILs in composite synthesis can direct the hydrogenation process (HDS) towards sulfur compounds rather than towards olefins, thus preserving the octane number of the fuel while highly reducing the sulfur content and, thus, the possibility of air pollution with sulfur oxides. A similar performance enhancement was obtained in ODS, where the high dispersion of WO3 (due to the use of ILs during the synthesis) allows for noteworthy results at very low temperatures (50 °C).

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“…The WO 3 pure or modified -bulk or nanoparticle -have been extensively utilized in fields such as gas-sensors (Staerz et al, 2018;Leidinger et al, 2015), self-cleaning surfaces (Garlisi et al, 2015;Bianchi et al, 2013), photocatalyst for water splitting (Kalanur, 2019;Stoll et al, 2017), dye-sensitized solar cells (Zheng et al, 2010;Yong et al, 2013), antibacterial agents (Syed et al, 2010;Stankic et al, 2016), photoelectron-catalysis (Goulart et al, 2019), used as a new anode material for lithiumion batteries (Li and Fu, 2010).…”

Section: ℎ ℎ ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯mentioning

confidence: 99%

DIRECT ULTRASONIC SYNTHESIS OF WO3/TiO2 NANOCOMPOSITES AND APPLYING THEM IN THE PHOTODECOLORIZATION OF EOSIN YELLOW DYE

Jawad¹,

Ahmed²

2020

PTQ

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This research reported a direct, environmentally friendly, economical, and simple method of using an ultrasonic instrument as a green technique to combine WO3 with TiO2 in ratios 0.5:1, 0.25:1, and 0.16:1 as composites 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Powder X-Ray Diffraction data identified the mean crystalline sizes of the commercial WO3, commercial TiO2, and of the prepared WO3/TiO2 nanocomposites in the different ratios in ranged from 17.897 nm to 48.672 nm. AFM analysis noted the surface morphology for all studied samples is spherical. The mean crystal sizes and practical sizes for prepared composites are found to be in the nanometer range, and these values rise with the raising in the TiO2 quantity in prepared nano-composites. The incorporated of W with Ti in the matrix is successful happened; because the ionic radius of W6+ is fewer values than it for Ti4+. The band gaps values for all samples have been investigated. The band gaps of prepared nanocomposites 1, 2, 3, and TiO2 are occurred as an indirect type, while the band gap of WO3 is found as direct type. The studied samples were tested by using them as photocatalysts in the decolorization of an aqueous solution, the eosin yellow dye Edecol.%. The sequence of decoloration grows from the left to the right as: Edecol.% (composite 3) Edecol.% (WO3) Edecol.% (TiO2) Edecol.% (composite 2) Edecol.% (composite 1). The activity of WO3 is inhibited with addition of H2O2 to the aqueous solution of eosin yellow dye because of the formation of peroxotungstic acid (WO3H2O2.H2O or WO2(O2)H2O.nH2O), but the modified surface by incorporation of TiO2, improves the activity hence, nano-composite 1 in the ratio of 0.5:1 is given a maximum photodecolorization efficiency of this dye and changed from 25.11% to 73.88%.

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WO3 Based Gas Sensors

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

WO₃-Based Gas Sensors: Identifying Inherent Qualities and Understanding the Sensing Mechanism

WO₃-Based Gas Sensors: Identifying Inherent Qualities and Understanding the Sensing Mechanism

WO3 and Ionic Liquids: A Synergic Pair for Pollutant Gas Sensing and Desulfurization

DIRECT ULTRASONIC SYNTHESIS OF WO3/TiO2 NANOCOMPOSITES AND APPLYING THEM IN THE PHOTODECOLORIZATION OF EOSIN YELLOW DYE

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WO3 Based Gas Sensors

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications