Wohnen und Arbeit als Kriterien einer „sozialen Integration” psychisch Kranker - Entwicklungen in Deutschland von 1900 bis 2000

Schmiedebach, Heinz-Peter; Beddies, Thomas; Schulz, Jens; Priebe, Stefan

doi:10.1055/s-2002-34041

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In der kontroversen Diskussion wurden die Frage nach der sozialen Verantwortung und die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Psychiatrie erörtert. Es begann eine Phase des "Aufbruchs und der Zuversicht" [17]. Die Impulse der Rodewischer Thesen wurden aufgegriffen: Die in der zweiten These getroffene Feststellung, dass eine "optimale Therapie nur unter optimalen Bedingungen optimal zur Wirkung kommt", zog die Forderung nach sich, dass die "psychiatrischen Krankenhäuser und Kliniken … ihre allgemeinen Bedingungen, unter denen sie therapieren, kritisch überprüfen" sollten [18].…”

Section: Phase Des Aufbruchs: Die Entstehung Der Brandenburger Thesenunclassified

“…Das führte zu der Suche nach Lösungen "im Kleinen". Nach einer kurzen Phase des "Aufbruchs und der Zuversicht", die vor dem Hintergrund der gesellschaftspolitischen Lage zu Beginn der 1970er-Jahre zum Wunsch nach Veränderungen und Mitbestimmung geführt hatte, folgte bald eine Zeit der "Bescheidung und Unterordnung" ( [17], S. 290). So gesehen sind die Brandenburger Thesen der Versuch, die Reformen im Wissen um die Grenzen des Machbaren zunächst innerhalb einzelner Einrichtungen umzusetzen, um von hier aus das gesellschaftliche Bewusstsein gegenüber psychisch Kranken zu verändern.…”

Section: Resümeeunclassified

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Psychiatrie in der DDR zwischen Aufbruch und Stagnation: Die Brandenburger Thesen zur „Therapeutischen Gemeinschaft“ (1974/76)

Kumbier

Haack

2017

Psychiat Prax

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Inspired by the concept of the English psychiatrist Maxwell Jones, the Brandenburg proposition or thesis towards the "Therapeutic Community" was formulated in 1974. Its objective was to transform the therapeutic environment in psychiatric hospitals of the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Based on sources from the Federal Archive in Berlin and for the first time from the Historical Archive of the Asklepios Hospital in Brandenburg, the motivation, implementation and effect of the so-called Brandenburg proposition will be analysed within its socio-political context. Although it was not able to exert a broader influence on the provision of psychiatric care, important impulses for the development of social psychiatry and psychotherapy in the GDR were nonetheless given. The discussions on the concept of "therapeutic community" illustrated that this concept was supposed to coincide with the socio-political objectives of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) and their principles of collective education.

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Section: Phase Des Aufbruchs: Die Entstehung Der Brandenburger Thesenunclassified

Section: Resümeeunclassified

Psychiatrie in der DDR zwischen Aufbruch und Stagnation: Die Brandenburger Thesen zur „Therapeutischen Gemeinschaft“ (1974/76)

Kumbier

Haack

2017

Psychiat Prax

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“…Finally, one of the basic aims of the rehabilitation and normalization programs emphatically promoted by the reforms, namely, the labour rehabilitation of psychiatric patients [58], has also had to face during the last decades a particularly adverse conjuncture due to the evolution of the labor market and the emergence of structural unemployment pockets in almost all Western countries. To mention just one significant data, it has been recently estimated that only 10 to 20% of persons affected by severe mental illness in the USA are employed [65].…”

Section: The New Challenges Of Chronic Mental Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Care in the Aftermath of Deinstitutionalization: A Retrospective and Prospective View

Novella

2010

Health Care Anal

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This paper offers a panoramic assessment of the significant changes experienced by psychiatric care in Western Europe and North America in the course of the last decades of deinstitutionalization and reform. Drawing on different comparative studies and an own review of relevant data and reports, the main transformations in the mental health field are analyzed around seven major topics: the expanding scope of psychiatry; the decline and metamorphosis of the asylum; the introduction of alternative and diversified forms of care; the new challenges posed by chronic mental illness; the emergence of modern psychopharmacology; the deployment of subspecialization; and the new forms of coercion implemented with community mental health practices. Following a renewed diagnosis on the essential features of the reformed mental health systems based on the pattern of social inclusion inherent to the new devices and philosophies of care, some major challenges for the future such as the overburdening of services or the overt exclusion of a significant part of potential users are also identified and briefly discussed.

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“…This rejection arose out of two considerations: first, according to socialist ideology, the family was not seen as a promising social model; second, the mentally ill who lived with the families of craftsmen often had to work in the small craftsman's firm and this came to be viewed as a kind of unjustified exploitation of the patient, incompatible with the principles of a socialist society. 70 In 1963 an international symposium on psychiatric rehabilitation 71 held in Rodewisch (GDR) identified the most important of all psychiatric activities as the re-integration of individuals into active, free and responsible lives. 72 Although the declaration that was passed by the participants of the Rodewisch conference primarily stressed the development of open psychiatric hospitals, the authors also endorsed the establishment of an after-care system run by a collective of psychiatrists, psychologists and female welfare social workers (F€ u ursogerinnen).…”

Section: Post-war Psychiatry and The Reform Movements Of The 1960s Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Psychiatry in Germany in the Twentieth Century: Ideas and Models

Schmiedebach¹,

Priebe

2004

Med. Hist.

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In the first decades of the twentieth century, German-language papers were published which included the term “soziale Psychiatrie” in their titles. At the same time modern concepts of extramural psychiatric care were being developed. Yet, the meaning of “sozial” (“social” in English) varied widely. This was partly due to its ambiguity. “Social” can be used in the sense of small communities or the wider public; it refers to interpersonal relationships, or to relationships between individuals and social groups or other communities. According to this latter meaning, “social” can emphasize the interests of social groups rather than those of the individual. This is how the term was used at the end of the 1920s and during the National Socialist era. On the other hand, “social” may indicate a friendly and humane intention, a philanthropic approach. It was in this sense that the term was widely used in the 1970s when philanthropic psychiatrists and others called for psychiatric reform and the closure or downsizing of asylums for the mentally ill. Moreover, in association with psychiatry, it can mean both the social dimension of mental illness (including the aetiology) that is assumed to lie in human relationships and in social circumstances, and the social and economic effects of mental illness. In parallel with these shifting meanings of the term “social”, the established models of twentieth-century ambulant psychiatric care also showed a variety of structural characteristics.

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Wohnen und Arbeit als Kriterien einer „sozialen Integration” psychisch Kranker - Entwicklungen in Deutschland von 1900 bis 2000

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Psychiatrie in der DDR zwischen Aufbruch und Stagnation: Die Brandenburger Thesen zur „Therapeutischen Gemeinschaft“ (1974/76)

Psychiatrie in der DDR zwischen Aufbruch und Stagnation: Die Brandenburger Thesen zur „Therapeutischen Gemeinschaft“ (1974/76)

Mental Health Care in the Aftermath of Deinstitutionalization: A Retrospective and Prospective View

Social Psychiatry in Germany in the Twentieth Century: Ideas and Models

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