Wolbachia

Makepeace, Benjamin L.; Gill, A. Christina

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46859-4_21

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Subsequently, a large-scale study encompassing multiple arthropod and nematode genomes has demonstrated that Wolbachia -to-host HGT is distributed on a large scale [ 23 ]. This conclusion has since been confirmed by the discovery of Wolbachia -to-host HGT in many more species (e.g., [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], reviewed in [ 9 , 17 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Wolbachia endosymbionts belong to the order of Rickettsiales within alphaproteobacteria. They are intracellular bacteria which infect a wide range of arthropods and nematodes [ 16 , 17 ]. Recent estimates indicate that 40–50% of terrestrial arthropods are infected with Wolbachia , suggesting that it is the most prevalent endosymbiont on earth [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary Significance of Wolbachia-to-Animal Horizontal Gene Transfer: Female Sex Determination and the f Element in the Isopod Armadillidium vulgare

Cordaux

Gilbert

2017

Genes

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An increasing number of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events from bacteria to animals have been reported in the past years, many of which involve Wolbachia bacterial endosymbionts and their invertebrate hosts. Most transferred Wolbachia genes are neutrally-evolving fossils embedded in host genomes. A remarkable case of Wolbachia HGT for which a clear evolutionary significance has been demonstrated is the “f element”, a nuclear Wolbachia insert involved in female sex determination in the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare. The f element represents an instance of bacteria-to-animal HGT that has occurred so recently that it was possible to infer the donor (feminizing Wolbachia closely related to the wVulC Wolbachia strain of A. vulgare) and the mechanism of integration (a nearly complete genome inserted by micro-homology-mediated recombination). In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the f element and discuss arising perspectives regarding female sex determination, unstable inheritance, population dynamics and the molecular evolution of the f element. Overall, the f element unifies three major areas in evolutionary biology: symbiosis, HGT and sex determination. Its characterization highlights the tremendous impact sex ratio distorters can have on the evolution of sex determination mechanisms and sex chromosomes in animals and plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Significance of Wolbachia-to-Animal Horizontal Gene Transfer: Female Sex Determination and the f Element in the Isopod Armadillidium vulgare

Cordaux

Gilbert

2017

Genes

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“…Initially, this infection was considered a kind of parasitism, but subsequent evidence revealed cases of neutral or even beneficial consequences for the host, involving the fecundity of infected individuals, resistance to other infections, etc. (Zug and Hammerstein, 2015; Makepeace and Gill, 2016). Since Wolbachia is a strictly cytoplasmic element, it has to establish a sophisticated dialogue not only with the organelles, but also with the nucleus, and even with other infectious organisms, such as the WO phage (LePage et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chorthippus parallelus and Wolbachia: Overlapping Orthopteroid and Bacterial Hybrid Zones

Martínez-Rodríguez

Bella

2018

Front. Genet.

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Wolbachia is a well-known endosymbiotic, strictly cytoplasmic bacterium. It establishes complex cytonuclear relations that are not necessarily deleterious to its host, but that often result in reproductive alterations favoring bacterial transmission. Among these alterations, a common one is the cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) that reduces the number of descendants in certain crosses between infected and non-infected individuals. This CI induced by Wolbachia appears in the hybrid zone that the grasshoppers Chorthippus parallelus parallelus (Cpp) and C. p. erythropus (Cpe) form in the Pyrenees: a reputed model in evolutionary biology. However, this cytonuclear incompatibility is the result of sophisticated processes of the co-divergence of the genomes of the bacterial strains and the host after generations of selection and coevolution. Here we show how these genome conflicts have resulted in a finely tuned adjustment of the bacterial strain to each pure orthopteroid taxon, and the striking appearance of another, newly identified recombinant Wolbachia strain that only occurs in hybrid grasshoppers. We propose the existence of two superimposed hybrid zones: one organized by the grasshoppers, which overlaps with a second, bacterial hybrid zone. The two hybrid zones counterbalance one another and have evolved together since the origin of the grasshopper's hybrid zone.

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“…Many different types of 52 symbioses, including reproductive parasitism, facultative mutualism, and obligate 53 mutualism have been found for these lineages (Zug & Hammerstein 2015). In contrast, 54 supergroups C and D are restricted to filarial nematodes, with which they share a close 55 relationship that can be described as obligate mutualism (Makepeace & Gill 2016). 56 Supergroup F has been found in both nematodes and arthropods and all other 57 supergroups are rather rare, limited to a single or few hosts (Gerth et al 2014).…”

Section: Introduction 43mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wolbachia lineages which confer virus resistance to their hosts, thereby suppressing the 69 transmission of the human pathogen Dengue (Hoffmann et al 2011). However, not all 70 strains of Wolbachia are able to confer virus resistance or to manipulate their host's 71 reproduction (Makepeace & Gill 2016). 72…”

Section: Introduction 43mentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical re-evaluation of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) efforts inWolbachia

Bleidorn

Gerth

2017

Preprint

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26Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria, Rickettsiales) is the most common, and 27 arguably one of the most important inherited symbionts. Molecular differentiation of 28Wolbachia strains is routinely performed with a set of five multilocus sequence typing 29 (MLST) markers. However, since its inception in 2006, the performance of MLST in 30Wolbachia strain typing has not been assessed objectively. Here, we evaluate the 31 properties of Wolbachia MLST markers and compare it to 252 other single copy loci 32 present in the genome of most Wolbachia strains. Specifically, we investigated how well 33 MLST performs at strain differentiation, at reflecting genetic diversity of strains, and as 34 phylogenetic marker. We find that MLST loci are outperformed by other loci at all tasks 35 they are currently employed for, and thus that they do not reflect the properties of a 36Wolbachia strain very well. We argue that whole genome typing approaches should be 37 used for Wolbachia typing in the future. Alternatively, if few-loci-approaches are 38 necessary, we provide a characterization of 252 single copy loci for a number a criteria, 39 which may assist in designing specific typing systems or phylogenetic studies. 40

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Wolbachia

Cited by 11 publications

References 210 publications

Evolutionary Significance of Wolbachia-to-Animal Horizontal Gene Transfer: Female Sex Determination and the f Element in the Isopod Armadillidium vulgare

Evolutionary Significance of Wolbachia-to-Animal Horizontal Gene Transfer: Female Sex Determination and the f Element in the Isopod Armadillidium vulgare

Chorthippus parallelus and Wolbachia: Overlapping Orthopteroid and Bacterial Hybrid Zones

A critical re-evaluation of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) efforts inWolbachia

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