Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: Advanced Kaposi Sarcoma Mimicking Vulvar Abscess

Laartz, Brent W.; Cooper, Christopher J.; Degryse, Amber; Sinnott, John T.

doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000157557.92795.18

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Literature case reports all illustrate that vulvar KS appeared clinically as a mass, a papilloma, or an abscess; none was initially suspected to be a KS [22–26]. In the present series, KS was clinically diagnosed only in one instance; one was overdiagnosed microscopically as KS before LAN-1 immunostaining.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Anogenital Lesions: Kaposi's Sarcoma and Its Mimicks

Bogaert

2012

ISRN AIDS

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Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm associated with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) infection, and, in the epidemic form, with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although HHV-8 is present in all body fluids and is sexually transmitted, there are surprisingly few reports of anogenital KS. Clinically, especially in HIV/KS endemic areas, dark stained skin patches or nodules are prone to misdiagnosis, especially in dark-skinned individuals. Therefore, a biopsy is recommended. The histologic appearance spans a broad spectrum of KS and non-KS lesions; therefore, the final diagnosis should be confirmed by HHV-8 immunohistochemistry. We report a series of 36 anogenital biopsies from a group of 16 documented HIV-positive patients; in 20 the HIV serostatus was unknown. There were ten KS (five in HIV-positive patients), and 26 non-KS (11 in HIV-positive subjects) lesions. In the era of HIV/AIDS, anogenital lesions may be the first manifestation of KS in immunocompromised individuals and should be biopsied. The histological diagnosis should be confirmed by HHV-8 immunohistochemistry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Anogenital Lesions: Kaposi's Sarcoma and Its Mimicks

Bogaert

2012

ISRN AIDS

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“…The etiopathogenesis of KS is not entirely elucidated but is known to include exposure to an infectious agent in addition to HIV [5]. The development of KS is related to HIV infection and, especially, to opportunistic infections that may lead to the inflammatory response to such diseases [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genital Kaposi sarcoma in a HIV and syphilis co-infected patient: case presentation

et al. 2019

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BackgroundKaposi sarcoma, as an epidemiological factor, is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and it is related to human herpes virus (HHV-8), as well as a higher prevalence in males and non-genital involvement. Vulvar localization is quite infrequent; therefore it may be considered in the differential diagnosis of genital lesions, especially in HIV patients.Case presentationWe describe the atypical presentation of a female HIV patient with multiple comorbidities, with the clinical manifestation of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in a vulvar region that was initially diagnosed as a syphilitic gumma. The patient underwent a biopsy of the lesion, and histopathology revealed a Kaposi sarcoma.DiscussionThis case reinforces that the pathogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma is still unclear and that probably multiple factors, regarding both the virus and the patient characteristics may lead to carcinogenesis. Conclusion: It is imperative to seek more excellent knowledge about this disease, to facilitate the diagnosis, to warrant the appropriate treatment and to improve the prognosis of the patient, especially the genital lesions.

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“…In some settings, the neutrophilic influx into tumors has been described as 'pyogenic' [37], 'suppurative' [60] or an 'abscess' [38][39][40]46] in clinical and histopathological presentations. Malignant tumors involving the lung [45], face [39] and bone [38] have masqueraded as an abscess clinically but to the best of our knowledge, KS masquerading as an abscess clinically has been documented only once to date, in a vulval location [61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%