Wolinella gen. nov., Wolinella succinogenes (Vibrio succinogenes Wolin et al.) comb. nov., and Description of Bacteroides gracilis sp. nov., Wolinella recta sp. nov., Campylobacter concisus sp. nov., and Eikenella corrodens from Humans with Periodontal Disease

Tanner, A. C. R.; Badger, S J; Lai, C.-H.; Listgarten, Max A.; Visconti, Roberta; Socransky, S. S.

doi:10.1099/00207713-31-4-432

Cited by 268 publications

(196 citation statements)

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“…f One of several genetically similar isolates from pigs which was used for 16s rRNA sequence analysis. dium fluoride (NaF), 0.1% sodium deoxycholate, 1% oxgall, 1% glycine, and 2 and 3.5% NaCl was tested by using methods described by Tanner et al (19,20). The guanineplus-cytosine (G+C) contents of DNAs were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (4,17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Campylobacter showae sp. nov., Isolated from the Human Oral Cavity

Etoh

Dewhirst

Paster

et al. 1993

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Nine Campylobacter-like strains were isolated from human gingival crevices and characterized. These strains were gram-negative, straight rods that were motile by means of multiple unipolar flagella. They were asaccharolytic and preferred an anaerobic atmosphere rather than a microaerophilic atmosphere for growth, and their growth was stimulated by formate and fumarate. These strains were biochemically similar to Campylobacter curvus and Campylobacter rectus, but were clearly distinguishable from these organisms by the number of flagella (two to five flagella at one end of the cell), by being catalase positive, by their whole-cell protein profiles, by their Western blot (immunoblot) patterns, and on the basis of DNA-DNA homology data. They could also be differentiated from the other species of the genus CampyZobacter. The nine Campylohcterlike strains were compared with two strains (FDC 286 and VPI 10279) representing a previously described but unnamed WolinelZu sp, The nine isolates and strains FDC 286 and VPI 10279 were found to be members of a single species. The 16s rRNA sequences of two strains of the newly identified species were compared with the rRNA sequences of 21 reference Campylobacter, Wolinelh, and Helicobacter species in order to generate a phylogenetic tree. We propose the name Campylobacter showae for the newly identified strains; strain SU A4 (= ATCC 51146) is the type strain of this new species.Previously, we isolated several Wolinella-like strains from human subgingival dental plaque (16) and subsequently proposed Wolinella cuwa subsp. intemedius as a new subspecies for two of the isolates (SU A4T [T = type strain] and SU A5) (4). These organisms could be differentiated at least at the subspecies level by morphological, biochemical, antigenic, and DNA-DNA homology methods from the other human oral Wolinella species, W. cuwa and Wolinella recta, which recently have been transferred to the genus Campylobacter as Campylobacter cuwus and Campylobacter rectus, respectively, by Vandamme et al. (24,25). In order to more fully describe the status of a new species in the genus Campylobacter, seven additional strains were isolated; thus, a total of nine strains, including SU A4T and SU A5, were characterized. These nine isolates were compared with Wolinella sp. strains FDC 286 (22) and VPI 10279 (14) and strains of other Campylobacter species (19,20,24,25). A 16s rRNA sequence analysis was used to determine the phylogenetic position of strains SU A4T and VPI 10279. The nine isolates and strains FDC 286 and VPI 10279 are members of a new species, for which we propose the name Campylobacter showae . MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains and characterization. The sources and accession numbers of the isolates and reference strains examined in this study are shown in Table 1. The nine Camwlobacter-like strains were isolated from the dental plaque of gingival crevices of nine apparently healthy adults on plates containing modified CBRCA (26), which is a selective medium for Campylobacter, Fusobactenum, Bacte...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These nine isolates were compared with Wolinella sp. strains FDC 286 (22) and VPI 10279 (14) and strains of other Campylobacter species (19,20,24,25). A 16s rRNA sequence analysis was used to determine the phylogenetic position of strains SU A4T and VPI 10279.…”

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confidence: 99%

Campylobacter showae sp. nov., Isolated from the Human Oral Cavity

Etoh

Dewhirst

Paster

et al. 1993

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…The origins of the oral and reference strains which we used are shown in Table 1. The methods used to maintain and characterize these strains were similar to those described previously (20). Cell morphology and motility were determined by dark-field microscopy of young broth cultures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…succinogenes (17,20,21,23). Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA homology techniques have shown that these additional strains are distinct from previously described species (21).…”

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Wolinella curva sp. nov.: "Vibrio succinogenes" of Human Origin

Listgarten

Ebersole

1984

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Asaccharolytic, anaerobic vibrios which require formate and fumarate for growth in broth culture have been isolated from humans. Some of these strains resemble Wolinella succinogenes phenotypically, but show no deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA homology with either W . succinogenes or Wolinella recta. In this investigation, six unidentified strains were compared with reference and type strains of W . recta and W . succinogenes by using cluster analysis of phenotypic characteristics, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and cell wall ultrastructure. One unidentified strain, a sewage isolate, was W . succinogenes. The remaining unidentified strains showed no DNA-DNA homology with either W . succinogenes or W . recta. Wolinella curva sp. nov. is proposed for four isolates which were distinct, as determined by serological and DNA-DNA homology experiments, from the previously described species. W . curva strains could also be differentiated from W. recta by morphology and by the growth of W. curva in the presence of Janus green (0.1 g/liter), basic fuchsin (0.032 ghiter), sodium deoxycholate (1.0 g/liter), indulin scarlet (0.5 g/liter), oxgall (10 g/liter), safranine (0.5 g/liter), azure I1 (0.025 g/liter), penicillin (16 pg/ml), and polymixin B (4 pg/ml). W . curva and W . succinogenes are similar in cell ultrastructure and in other phenotypic features.Wolinella succinogenes (Vibrio succinogenes) was isolated from a bovine rumen by Wolin et al. (24). Members of this species use formate or hydrogen as an electron donor. Fumarate was found to be the most efficient electron acceptor of several organic and inorganic compounds tested (1, 24). Two other motile, metabolically similar species from humans have been described; these are Wolinella recta, with a guanine-plus-cytosine (G+C) content of 44 to 46 mol%, and Campylobacter concisus, with a C+G content of 34 to 38 mol% (20).Several investigators have isolated from human sources anaerobic, gram-negative, asaccharolytic, motile vibrioshaped rods with metabolism similar to that of W . succinogenes (17,20,21,23). Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA homology techniques have shown that these additional strains are distinct from previously described species (21). In this investigation we determined the taxonomic status of additional formate-and fumarate-requiring strains isolated from humans. MATERIALS AND METHODSCharacterization. The origins of the oral and reference strains which we used are shown in Table 1. The methods used to maintain and characterize these strains were similar to those described previously (20). Cell morphology and motility were determined by dark-field microscopy of young broth cultures. Biochemical tests were performed in broth cultures and on agar plates. The basal medium used for broth tests (PPLO-FF medium) contained (per liter) 21 g of Mycoplasma broth base (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.), 5 mg of hemin, 2 g of sodium formate, and 3 g of sodium fumarate and was adjusted to pH 7.4. A 30-ml portion of a log phase inoculum was added to 100 ml ...

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