Woman abuse and pregnancy outcome among women in Khoram Abad, Islamic Republic of Iran

Abstract

We carried out a descriptive analysis on the pregnancy outcome in 313 pregnant women (153 abused, 160 non-abused). Abuse was statistically significantly correlated with mean weight gain during pregnancy, mean frequency of the prenatal care, prolonged labour (dystocia), premature rupture of membrane, low mean birth weight and mean gestational age at birth. Given the high likelihood that a woman will access health care services during her pregnancy, physicians providing prenatal care are in a strategic position to screen for partner abuse. Violence contre les femmes et issue de la grossesse chez des femmes de Khoram Abad (République islamique d'Iran)RÉSUMÉ Nous avons réalisé une analyse descriptive de l'issue de la grossesse chez 313 femmes enceintes (153 victimes de violences et 160 qui ne l'étaient pas). Il y avait une corrélation statistique significative entre les violences et une prise de poids moyenne pendant la grossesse, une fréquence de soins prénatals moyenne, un accouchement laborieux (dystocie), une rupture prématurée de la membrane, un poids moyen à la naissance faible et un âge gestationnel moyen à la naissance. Dans la mesure où il existe une forte probabilité qu'une femme se rende dans des services de soins de santé pendant sa grossesse, les médecins dispensant les soins prénatals sont bien placés pour dépister les violences conjugales.

Intimate partner violence and perinatal health: a systematic review

“…Seven studies with high methodological quality included outcomes of premature rupture of membranes . Two found an association with undifferentiated IPV, five with physical IPV, and two others with psychological IPV . The risk was between 1.9 and 5.1 times higher in women exposed to physical IPV, 3.2 times higher in women exposed to undifferentiated IPV and between 1.5 and 1.6 times higher in women exposed to psychological IPV.…”

“…Forty-one studies (82%, n = 41) were of high methodological quality (indicating low risk of bias) ( Table 2). [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]28,29,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]43,[46][47][48][49][51][52][53][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][65][66][67] Most of the studies with high or moderate risk of bias obtained low scores in sample selection 30,45,50,54,55,64 or comparability. 27,45,50,…”

“…The most frequently associated outcomes were miscarriage, 28,33,36,43,48 pre-term birth, 33,46,49,67 low birthweight, 33,38,43,49 and late entry into prenatal care. 43,49,61 Other outcomes associated were perinatal death, 33,46 longer postpartum hospitalisation, 43,46 lower number of antenatal visits, 38,43 premature rupture of membranes, 33,38 previous history of spontaneous abortion, 28,43 and inadequate weight gain during pregnancy. 33,43 Other outcomes associated with undifferentiated IPV are shown in Table 3.…”

“…Pre-term birth or prematurity A total of 20 studies with high methodological quality looked at pre-term birth (Table S1). [18][19][20][21]24,[31][32][33]35,37,38,46,49,53,[57][58][59][60]63,67 Four of them found a significant association with undifferentiated IPV, 33,46,49,57 six with physical IPV, 32,33,37,53,57,59 and only one with psychological IPV. 57 The risk of pre-term birth was between 1.97 and 5.94 times higher among women who had experienced undifferentiated IPV, and between 2.29 and 5.7 times higher among those who experienced physical IPV.…”

The Relationship Between the Social Determinants of Health and Preterm Birth in Iran Based on the WHO Model: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…All 16 studies had examined the relationship between the intermediate determinants of health and preterm birth, but of all the determinants based on the WHO model, only 7 were examined, including anxiety in 3 studies (33)(34)(35), depression in 2 (33,36), violence in 7 (24,(26)(27)(28)32,36), unwanted pregnancy in 2 (29,36), poor health behaviors in 2 (37,38), exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke in 3 (31,36,40), and prenatal care in 2 studies (36,39) (Table 3). Generation of Results As shown in Figure 2, evaluating the relationship between education and preterm birth, Alizadeh et al showed that preterm birth is more common in illiterate compared to educated women.…”