Women and Arrhythmias

Linde, Cecilia

doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2000.01550.x

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…102,105,147 The resting heart rate in postmenopausal women remains higher than men. 102,105,147 The resting heart rate in postmenopausal women remains higher than men.…”

Section: Effect Of Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Female Sex on Cardiac Arrhythmias

Gowd

Thompson

2012

Cardiology in Review

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We performed a systematic literature review to examine the effect of female sex on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias. Women have faster resting heart rates yet longer QTc intervals. Women also have shorter PR and QRS intervals; these are presumed to be due to the small heart size of women and hormonal effects on ion channels. Women are two times more likely to experience atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia than men. In contrast to atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia, accessory-pathway-mediated atrial arrhythmias are less common in women, and women have more concealed and fewer manifest accessory pathways. Supraventricular tachycardia in women varies with the menstrual cycle and is more frequent in the luteal phase and inversely correlated with estrogen levels. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is less prevalent in women, but the absolute number of women with AF is higher because AF prevalence increases with age and women live longer. Also, complications of AF are greater in women. Women are generally less prone to ventricular arrhythmias, but they comprise a higher percentage of symptomatic subjects with congenital long QT syndrome and are more often affected by drugs that prolong the QT. Women are less prone to arrhythmias during pregnancy although they commonly complain of palpitations, which are sometimes related to the increase in heart rate during pregnancy. Clinicians should explore the relationship of arrhythmias to the menstrual cycle in female patients and should know that the menstrual cycle may affect the induction of arrhythmias during electrophysiological testing. Clinicians should also be aware that the arrhythmia and the result of clinical trials examining arrhythmia treatment may have different implications in women than in men.

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“…102,105,147 The resting heart rate in postmenopausal women remains higher than men. 102,105,147 The resting heart rate in postmenopausal women remains higher than men.…”

Section: Effect Of Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postmenopausal women remain less likely to develop AF, 5 are more likely to develop TdP when exposed to QT prolongation medications. 118,147 cLInIcAL IMPLIcATIOns Sex affects electrophysiological properties and cardiac arrhythmias. 7,129 The incidence of VT/VF and sudden death remains less in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Effect Of Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Female Sex on Cardiac Arrhythmias

Gowd

Thompson

2012

Cardiology in Review

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“…36 The gender distribution of arrhythmias has been previously described, where inappropriate sinus tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, sinus node disease, and acquired or congenital long QT syndromes show a female predominance, while AV blocks, supraventricular extrasystole, AF, ventricular tachycardia, or sudden cardiac death are more frequent in men. 37 The Reykjavik study on the epidemiology of right bundle branch blocks, based on a population of 9,135 men and 9,627 women, found an almost 2-fold increase in the rate of RBBB diagnosed in men, with an age-dependent increase in the rate of diagnosis. 38 Also, there were no statistically significant differences between the studied parameters when comparing the rural versus urban provenance, suggesting that the study population is homogenous, with similar geographical and demographical characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Cardiac Rhythm and Conduction Abnormalities Diagnosed in Mobile Emergency Units in Central Romania

Masalar¹,

Linga

Crişan

et al. 2017

Journal of Cardiovascular Emergencies

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“…The incidence and susceptibility to different types of arrhythmias varies between the sexes. 1,2 Women have longer corrected QT intervals and are more likely to develop torsades de pointes. 1,2 Men have increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation, 3 more supraventricular and ventricular ectopic beats, and more episodes of ventricular tachycardia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Women have longer corrected QT intervals and are more likely to develop torsades de pointes. 1,2 Men have increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation, 3 more supraventricular and ventricular ectopic beats, and more episodes of ventricular tachycardia. 4 Cardiac arrhythmias are frequent among patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and are considered a major mechanism causing death in these patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sex on Ventricular Arrhythmic Events in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Aronson

Burger

2002

Pacing Clinical Electrophis

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The propensity to develop specific arrhythmias varies between the sexes. Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) have a high prevalence of ventricular ectopy. However, it is not known if sex related differences exist in the susceptibility to arrhythmias in the setting of CHF. The study population included 159 men and 77 women (mean age 61 +/- 14 years) admitted for decompensated CHF. The severity of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias was assessed by 24-hour Holter monitoring. None of the patients were on parenteral vasoactive therapy during Holter recording. All measures of ventricular ectopy were markedly lower in women compared to men. The mean hourly ventricular pairs (283 +/- 67 vs 106 +/- 30, P = 0.04), mean hourly repetitive ventricular beats (28 +/- 7 vs 10 +/- 3, P = 0.04), and the frequency of ventricular tachycardia episodes per 24 hours (31 +/- 9 vs 7 +/- 3, P = 0.01) were significantly lower in women. After inclusion of clinical variables and drug therapies in a multivariate analysis, the negative relationship between female sex and the frequency of ventricular pairs (P = 0.04), repetitive ventricular beats (P = 0.04), and ventricular tachycardia episodes (P = 0.0005) remained independent. No differences in atrial ectopy between men and woman were found. Complex ventricular ectopy and episodes of ventricular tachycardia are significantly lower in women with CHF. Whether these finding are relevant to female survival advantage in the setting of heartfailure can only be determined by a prospective study. Further understanding of the mechanisms involved in the protection conferred by the patient's sex would advance our understanding about arrhythmias in heart failure.

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Women and Arrhythmias

Cited by 8 publications

References 55 publications

Effect of Female Sex on Cardiac Arrhythmias

Effect of Female Sex on Cardiac Arrhythmias

Characteristics of Cardiac Rhythm and Conduction Abnormalities Diagnosed in Mobile Emergency Units in Central Romania

The Effect of Sex on Ventricular Arrhythmic Events in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

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