Women in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine in France: Are we making any progress?

Godiér, Anne; Nouette‐Gaulain, Karine; Cittanova, Marie-Laure; Beloeil, Hélène; Paugam–Burtz, Catherine; Lukaszewicz, Anne‐Claire

doi:10.1016/j.accpm.2020.04.019

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2 The evaluation of quality of life according to the numbers of working hours (a), their academic status (b), marital status (c) and parental status (d) only 7.8% of the tenured full professors in Medical Intensive Care in France were women at the time of the survey according to the Collège des Enseignants de Médecine Intensive Réanimation (CeMIR) (French College of Medical Intensive Care). These findings are in accordance with the rate of 9% of women Anesthesia and Intensive Care full professors previously reported by Godier et al [9]. The Association of American Medical College showed that the gap between women and men advancement still existed in 2019 [10] and a large recent study reported this gap has not been narrowing over time [11].…”

Section: Quality Of Life According To Working Hours Quality Of Life According To Academic Statussupporting

confidence: 90%

Perceived inequity, professional and personal fulfillment by women intensivists in France

Hauw‐Berlemont

Aubron

Aïssaoui

et al. 2021

Ann. Intensive Care

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Background The medical workforce has been feminized for the last two decades worldwide. Nonetheless, women remain under-represented among intensivists. We conducted a survey among French women intensivists to assess their professional and personal quality of life and their perception of potential gender discrimination at work. Methods We conducted an observational descriptive study by sending a survey, designed by the group FEMMIR (FEmmes Médecins en Médecine Intensive Réanimation), to women intensivists in France, using primarily the Société de Réanimation de Langue Française (SRLF) mailing list. The questionnaire was also available online between September 2019 and January 2020 and women intensivists were encouraged to answer through email reminders. It pertained to five main domains, including demographic characteristics, work position, workload and clinical/research activities, self-fulfillment scale, perceived discrimination at work and suggested measures to implement. Results Three hundred and seventy-one women responded to the questionnaire, among whom 16% had an academic position. Being a woman intensivist and pregnancy were both considered to increase difficulties in careers’ advancement by 31% and 73% of the respondents, respectively. Almost half of the respondents (46%) quoted their quality of life equal to or lower than 6 on a scale varying from 1 (very bad quality of life) to 10 (excellent quality of life). They were 52% to feel an imbalance between their personal and professional life at the cost of their personal life. Gender discrimination has been experienced by 55% of the respondents while 37% confided having already been subject of bullying or harassment. Opportunities to adjust their work timetable including part-time work, better considerations for pregnant women including increasing the number of intensivists and the systematic replacement during maternity leave, and the respect of the law regarding the paternity leave were suggested as key measures to enable better professional and personal accomplishment by women intensivists. Conclusion In this first large French survey in women intensivists, we pointed out issues felt by women intensivists that included an imbalance between professional and personal life, a perceived loss of opportunity due to the fact of being a woman, frequent reported bullying or harassment and a lack of consideration of the needs related to pregnancy and motherhood.

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Section: Quality Of Life According To Working Hours Quality Of Life According To Academic Statussupporting

confidence: 90%

Perceived inequity, professional and personal fulfillment by women intensivists in France

Hauw‐Berlemont

Aubron

Aïssaoui

et al. 2021

Ann. Intensive Care

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“…Similarly, in the UK, 39% of trainee intensivists and 20% of ICU consultants were women [4]. According to Godier et al [5], just 9% of full professors in anesthesiology-intensive care in France were women in 2018; only 0.7% of the 605 presidents of medical commissions from public hospitals in France and none of the medical university deans were women anesthesiology-intensive care physicians [5]. Leadership in critical care societies is also still largely dominated by men.…”

Section: Introduction: the Current Gender Imbalance In Critical Care Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leadership in critical care societies is also still largely dominated by men. In the French Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SFAR), 42% of the members were women in 2020 [5]. By contrast, in Northern Greece, 70% of intensivists are women and the Board of the Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of Northern Greece is comprised exclusively of women (personal communication, Chryssa Pourzitaki).…”

Section: Introduction: the Current Gender Imbalance In Critical Care Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women are also less likely than men to sit on editorial boards of scientific journals, be faculty members at international conferences, or take part in expert panels [9][10][11]. Compared to men, women at all career stages are more likely to leave academia, with postdoctoral trainees and those early in their careers recognized to be at particularly high risk [5,12].…”

Section: Introduction: the Current Gender Imbalance In Critical Care Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Addressing gender imbalance in intensive care

et al. 2021

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There is a large gender gap in critical care medicine with women underrepresented, particularly in positions of leadership. Yet gender diversity better reflects the current critical care community and has multiple beneficial effects at individual and societal levels. In this Viewpoint, we discuss some of the reasons for the persistent gender imbalance in critical care medicine, and suggest some possible strategies to help achieve greater equity and inclusion. An explicit and consistent focus on eliminating gender inequity is needed until gender diversity and inclusion become the norms in critical care medicine.

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“…Many authors have already identified obstacles to the promotion of women, mainly in English or American publications. There are well-documented gender gaps in publications [ 26 – 28 ], peer review processes [ 29 ], grant supports [ 30 – 35 ], recognition awards [ 36 – 39 ], speaker invitations [ 39 – 42 ], composition of editorial boards [ 43 – 46 ], and leadership positions [ 47 – 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender inequality among medical, pharmaceutical and dental practitioners in French hospitals: Where have we been and where are we now?

et al. 2021

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Introduction Women are under-represented in senior academic and hospital positions in many countries. The authors aim to assess the place and the evolution of all appointed female and male health practitioners’ working in French public Hospitals. Materials and methods Data of this observational study were collected from the National Management Centre (Centre National de Gestion) from 2015 up to January 1, 2020. First, the authors described demographic characteristics and specialties of all appointed medicine, pharmacy, and dentistry doctors’ working as Hospital Practitioners, Associate Professors, and Full Professors in French General and University-affiliated Hospitals in 2020. Then, they retrospectively reported the annual incidence of new entrance according to gender and professional status from 1999 to 2019 thanks to the appointment date of all practitioners in activity between 2015 and 2020. Results In 2020, 51 401 appointed practitioners (49.7% of female) were in activity in French public hospitals with a large majority being medical doctors (92.4%) compared to pharmacists (6%) and dentists (1.6%). Women represented 52.5% of the Hospital Practitioners, 48.6% of the Associate Professors, and 22.0% of the Full Professors (p < 0.001). There were disparities between the rates of female Full Professors in medicine (20.6%), pharmacy (36.1%), and dentistry (44.3%, p < 0.001). Women were appointed Hospital Practitioners and Associate Professors earlier than men (respectively 37.1 versus 38.8 years, p < 0.001 and 36.1 versus 36.5 years, p = 0.04), and at a later age among Full Professors (43.7 versus 41.9 years, p < 0.001). Compared to men, the annual proportion of appointed women varied significantly between 1999 and 2019 from 47.6% to 60.4% for Hospital Practitioners, from 50.0% to 44.6% for Associate Professors, and from 11.2% to 33.3% for Full Professors (p < 0.001 for trend). Conclusions Although more and more women occupy positions in French hospitals, there is still a gender gap regarding access to Full Professor status in medicine and pharmacy, but not in dentistry. The disparity in numbers makes comparison difficult. Despite a trend towards gender equality during the last twenty years, it has not yet been achieved regarding access to the highest positions.

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Women in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine in France: Are we making any progress?

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Perceived inequity, professional and personal fulfillment by women intensivists in France

Perceived inequity, professional and personal fulfillment by women intensivists in France

Addressing gender imbalance in intensive care

Gender inequality among medical, pharmaceutical and dental practitioners in French hospitals: Where have we been and where are we now?

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