Women in the Nigeria’s National Assembly Historical Perspective (1999–2023)

Abstract

This study examines the representation and participation of women in the two chambers of Nigeria’s National Assembly from 1999 - 2023 focusing on their contributions to the legislative process. Women's political participation in Nigeria has been a topic of interest due to the low representation of women in decision-making positions. By analysing data on women's presence in the National Assembly, this study aims to examine the progress made, the factors contributing to their impact, and the obstacles hindering their advancement. It posits that despite making up 50% of the population and playing significant roles in electoral processes, notably grassroots mobilisation and campaigning, there are socio-cultural factors as well as economic barriers, institutional barriers, electoral processes and political party structures that are glass ceilings to women’s political representation. The study adopts narrative, descriptive and analytical tools for historical reconstruction. The study reveals that women in the legislation have been part of the primary sponsors of impactful legislation aimed at increasing women’s representation in government and addressing other areas of concern for the general Nigerian populace such as anti- human trafficking and diaspora bills. The study concludes that women in Nigeria continue to encounter significant economic, social and political barriers to their full and effective participation in legislative processes. The study recommends encouraging inclusive decision-making processes within the party, involving women in key positions and decision-making bodies, engaging with communities to build support for women candidates, and addressing cultural or societal barriers that limit the involvement of more women in politics and leadership.