Women of Color in State Legislatures: Gender, Race, Ethnicity and Legislative Office Holding

Scola, Becki

doi:10.1300/j501v28n03_03

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Yet, minority women may not be universally underrepresented in politics. Indeed, since the 1970s, women of color in the United States have typically outperformed majority women as a share of their group seats at all levels of government, conceptualized as a “puzzle of success” (Darcy and Hadley , 629; see also Darcy, Welch, and Clark ; Montoya, Hardy‐Fanta, and Garcia ; Scola ; Takash ). For example, at the state legislative level in 2004, women of color held nearly 33% of seats held by their respective groups compared to White women who held 22% of legislative seats held by Whites, a gap that was even wider in the U.S. Congress the same year (CAWP ; Scola ).…”

Section: Differences In Political Representation Among Women: What Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Intersection of Gender and Minority Status in National Legislatures: The Minority Women Legislative Index

Hughes

2013

Legislative Studies Qtrly

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To date, we are unaware to what extent gains in women's legislative representation have reached minority women. To facilitate cross-national research on minority women in politics, I present and explore new cross-national data on the election of women and men from 431 ethnic, racial, and religious groups to national legislatures in 81 countries between 2005 and 2007. I create a new measure scoring countries by minority women's representation relative to their share of the population-the Minority Women Legislative Index (MWLI). Descriptive analyses show minority women to be substantially underrepresented in national legislatures overall but their level of exclusion varies geographically.

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Section: Differences In Political Representation Among Women: What Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the importance of understanding the political representation of minority women, the topic has received little empirical attention outside of countries like the United States and Canada (e.g., Black ; Garcia Bedolla, Tate, and Wong ; Scola ; Smooth ). Recent gender‐and‐politics scholarship has noted this gap in the literature (Weldon ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Intersection of Gender and Minority Status in National Legislatures: The Minority Women Legislative Index

Hughes

2013

Legislative Studies Qtrly

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“…Arguably, one of the next steps for research on gender and politics is to question the category of ''women'' in a different way -to consider the extent to which women of different racial, ethnic, and religious groups are gaining entry into politics, but still in a broad, comparative way. Scholarship has investigated the political representation of African American women and Latinas in the U.S. and ''visible minority'' women in Canada (Barrett 1997;Black 2000;Fraga et al 2008;Montoya et al 2000;Philpot and Walton 2007;Scola 2006;Smooth 2008;Takash 1997). Yet, cross-national studies on minority women in national legislatures are just beginning to appear (Dahlerup and Freidenvall 2011;Holmsten et al 2010;Hughes 2011).…”

Section: Women In National Legislatures Worldwidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2008; Montoya et al. 2000; Philpot and Walton 2007; Scola 2006; Smooth 2008; Takash 1997). Yet, cross‐national studies on minority women in national legislatures are just beginning to appear (Dahlerup and Freidenvall 2011; Holmsten et al.…”

Section: Women In National Legislatures Worldwidementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity in National Legislatures Around the World

Hughes

2012

Sociology Compass

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Men from majority racial, ethnic, and religious groups continue to dominate electoral politics in most countries. At the same time, national legislatures are becoming more diverse. Cross‐national research on inequality in national politics focuses most often on women, but occasionally addresses the political representation of other marginalized groups. This review brings together these distinct areas of research – cross‐national studies on the representation of women and minority groups in national legislatures – to think about diversity in politics in a broader way. Such an approach suggests future studies should: (i) acknowledge important differences among women; (ii) focus on more than one type of minority group at a time; and (iii) explicitly examine variation in the overrepresentation of majority men as political elites.

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“…The pathways that women of color take to office are often unique (Fraga et al 2006;Garcia et al 2008;Hardy-Fanta 1993;Lien and Swain 2013;Philpot and Walton 2007;Scola 2006;Takash 1997). 2 Aided by the Voting Rights Act and race-conscious districting, many municipal, state legislative, and congressional districts are majorityminority, and the vast majority of elected officials of color-including women of color-are elected from these districts (Hardy-Fanta et al 2006;Lien et al 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Electing Women of Color: The Role of Campaign Trainings

Sanbonmatsu

2015

Journal of Women, Politics & Policy

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The increasing racial diversity of women in the United States makes the underrepresentation of women of color in politics an important area for research. To better understand the reasons for the underrepresentation of women of color and how more women of color might be elected in the future, this article presents a case study of a unique campaign training program designed for women of color. The program is the Center for American Women and Politics' (CAWP) New Jersey Ready to Run ® Diversity Initiative. Campaign trainings have proliferated in recent years and seem to play a disproportionate role in women's election to office. By examining perceptions of the barriers facing women of color and by identifying the mechanisms by which the Diversity Initiative seeks to help women, this article sheds light on the status of women candidates of color and the role of campaign trainings more generally. For political practitioners, this article suggests the utility of creating programs for women of color.

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Women of Color in State Legislatures: Gender, Race, Ethnicity and Legislative Office Holding

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

The Intersection of Gender and Minority Status in National Legislatures: The Minority Women Legislative Index

The Intersection of Gender and Minority Status in National Legislatures: The Minority Women Legislative Index

Diversity in National Legislatures Around the World

Electing Women of Color: The Role of Campaign Trainings

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