Women's attitude toward smoking

Toghianifar, Nafiseh; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Gharipour, Mojgan

doi:10.1097/xeb.0000000000000012

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Arranging external law and policy enforcement of the target behavior, or creating situations and providing materials that allow participants to regulate each other [6,134]; this can be enforced by policing personnel or by fellow citizens through the "vigilante effect" [27] (pp. [140][141][142][143][144] Creating digital and other forums to discuss normative information and provide mutual support [85] Providing factual and context information, and tips and guides for action [37,135] Generating discussions between participants about any aspects of the target behavior and change, including but not limited to the normative ones [35,98,129] Implementing training and skills building processes that support the target behavior [35,93,136] Setting goals or creating commitments to action (such as contracts or symbolic vaccination activities [6,95])…”

Section: Other Support Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Behavioral change interventions based on social norms have proven to be a popular and cost-effective way in which both researchers and practitioners attempt to transform behavior in order to increase environmental and social sustainability in real-world contexts. In this paper, we present a systematic review of over 90 empirical studies that have applied behavioral change interventions based on social norms in field settings. Building on previous research about the sources of information that people use to understand social norms and other local determinants of behavior, we propose a framework organized along two axes that describe intervention context (situated interventions applied in the same context where the target behavior happens versus remote interventions that are applied away from that context) and type of normative information leveraged (interventions that provide summary information about a group versus interventions that expose participants to the opinions and behaviors of others). We also illustrate successful applications for each dimension, as well as the social, psychological and physical determinants of behavior that were leveraged to support change. Finally, based on our results, we discuss some of the elements and practical mechanisms that can be used by both researchers and practitioners to design more integral, effective and sustainable social norm intervention in the real world.

show abstract

Section: Other Support Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Community awareness of, use of and attitudes towards HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada: preparing health promotion for a publicly funded PrEP program

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the mechanisms of change in social norms around tobacco use: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of interventions

Lahiri,

Bingenheimer,

Evans

et al. 2024

Addiction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and AimsTobacco use spreads through social networks influencing social norms around tobacco use. However, the social norms scholarship is extremely diverse and occasionally conflicting, complicating efforts to understand how best to leverage social norms to reduce tobacco use. This study systematically reviewed and meta‐analyzed this vast terrain by focusing on social norms measurement and mechanism, and intervention effectiveness and modality aimed at changing social norms around tobacco use and actual tobacco use.MethodsWe searched Scopus, PubMed, PsycInfo, Clinicaltrials.gov, ProQuest Dissertations, the Cochrane Trial Registry, as well as the websites of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, the Open Science Framework, medrXiv and the Truth Initiative for experimental and quasi‐experimental evaluation studies of interventions designed to shift tobacco use. We included studies written in English from inception to 30 May 2024. We only included studies which noted social norms or social influence as part of the intervention design or set of measured variables. We excluded studies with only one time point, without an intervention being evaluated and those not published in English. Study screening followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and was conducted by at least two independent reviewers who resolved discrepancies through discussion and consensus. All included studies were analyzed in a narrative synthesis, and those providing sufficient statistics for tobacco and social norms outcomes were included in meta‐analyses, which were performed separately for tobacco outcomes and social norms outcomes. Study outcomes were transformed into a standardized mean difference (Hedges' g) and several meta‐regressions were fit to explore sources of heterogeneity using a robust variance estimation specification to handle effect size dependency.ResultsA total of 95 studies met inclusion criteria for the narrative synthesis, 200 effect sizes from 86 studies were included in the tobacco outcomes meta‐analysis, and 66 effect sizes from 29 studies were included in the social norms outcomes meta‐analysis. Nearly 90% of included studies were conducted in high‐income settings, with the remainder conducted in middle‐income settings. No studies were conducted in Latin America or on the African continent. Social norms change interventions had a statistically significant effect on reducing tobacco use and pro‐tobacco social normative perceptions [g = 0.233, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.166, 0.301, P < 0.001 and g = 0.292, 95% CI = 0.090, 0.494, P = 0.007, respectively]. Interventions were commonly conducted among schoolchildren in classrooms through multicomponent education sessions, often coupled with regular ‘booster' sessions over time. Among adult populations, motivational interviewing and other counselling approaches were used in some cases, and few interventions leveraged digital technologies to change social norms.ConclusionsSocial norms change interventions appear to be effective for reducing tobacco use and pro‐tobacco social normative perceptions. In particular, leveraging role models appears to be the most effective social norms change mechanisms for tobacco control.

show abstract

Women's attitude toward smoking

Abstract: A change in social norms towards acceptability of smoking for women can be overcome by effective strategies that discourage the population from smoking.

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

Community awareness of, use of and attitudes towards HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada: preparing health promotion for a publicly funded PrEP program

Understanding the mechanisms of change in social norms around tobacco use: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of interventions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About