Women’s Exclusion and Unfavorable Inclusion in Informal Employment in Lucknow, India: Barriers to Voice and Livelihood Security

Kantor, Paula

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.05.002

Cited by 46 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Similar to findings in other urban contexts, rapidly changing urban labour markets have reduced the central role of adult men as breadwinners (De la Rocha 2007;Kantor 2009;Tacoli 2012). This has meant that female employment has become central to survival for many low-income urban households, demonstrating a significant shift in perceptions and practices and challenging traditional patriarchal ideologies (Banks 2013).…”

Section: Urban Livelihoods Strategies and Their Limitationssupporting

confidence: 54%

Livelihoods Limitations: The Political Economy of Urban Poverty in Bangladesh

Banks

2014

SSRN Journal

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Frameworks for understanding urban poverty have taken an asset-based approach that assesses livelihoods strategies on the basis of a household's portfolio of assets. Research in Dhaka, Bangladesh reveals the limitations of such approaches. Their narrow focus on households and depoliticized definition of social capital may capture experiences of urban poverty, but cannot reconcile these with the significance of the structural drivers of urban poverty. Our understanding of urban poverty must recognize the informal systems of governance that dominate resource distribution at the community-level and keep the resources necessary for household improvement confined to a relatively small elite. Excluded from the accumulation networks that provide a platform for household mobility for the well-connected, most urban poor households are reliant upon survival networks in their search for security. Only through extending our analysis beyond the household to explore their position within this local political economy can we recognize the significant limitations placed on their efforts to extend and improve their livelihoods.

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Section: Urban Livelihoods Strategies and Their Limitationssupporting

confidence: 54%

Livelihoods Limitations: The Political Economy of Urban Poverty in Bangladesh

Banks

2014

SSRN Journal

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“…A focus on women's empowerment thus becomes "smart economics. " 16 The major limitation in this conception of economic empowerment is the fact that men and women exist and act within a network of social relations, and, moreover, that to some extent these social relations (with spouses, siblings, parents, friends, kin group members, etc.) both enable and constrain action.…”

Section: James Sumberg and Christine Okali Young People Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Young People, Agriculture, and Transformation in Rural Africa: An “Opportunity Space” Approach

Sumberg¹,

Okali²

2013

Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization

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More details/abstract: Over the last decade, both agriculture and young people have become increasingly prominent on African development agendas. Politicians, policymakers, and development professionals have confronted food price volatility, food insecurity, and the phenomenon of large-scale land grabs on the one hand, and the entrenched under-and unemployment among young people-the (youthful) human face of the phenomenon of jobless growth-on the other. It is perhaps not surprising that many have put two and two together, concluding that engagement in production agriculture (including crops, livestock, and fisheries) is an obvious (if not the obvious) opportunity through which to address the problem of limited economic opportunity for young people in rural areas. Associated with this view is the assumption that rural young people would be better off if they did not migrate to urban areas, thus avoiding exposure to risky and illegal behavior (sex, HIV/AIDS, drugs, crime) and potential entanglement in dangerous political activity.

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“…Strict and distinct societal norms of female working outside home posed barrier to make work related choices and gave an impression of secondary status of female in the society (Kabeer 2000;Kantor 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%