Women's inheritance rights and entrepreneurship gender gap

Naaraayanan, S Lakshmi

doi:10.14711/thesis-991012873360803412

Cited by 7 publications

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“…Societies where women have equal access to inheritance as men promote women’s liberation and financial autonomy, which explains their entrepreneurial drive. According to Naaraayanan (2020), the elimination of discriminatory cultural norms through legal recognition of women’s inheritance rights is a crucial factor in reducing the entrepreneurship gender gap, particularly in the context of robust social norms. This raises questions about the family’s position as a source of start-up finance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of socioeconomic factors on female entrepreneurship in Southeast Asian countries

Chikh-Amnache,

Mekhzoumi

2023

JEEE

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Purpose Female entrepreneurship discussions will broaden and diversify as a result of global shifts. Studies of female entrepreneurship must take into account differences between male and female entrepreneurs due to the historical, cultural and social specificity of developing countries to narrow gender gaps, identify barriers, fine-tune support systems, release dormant potential and provide information for policymaking. This paper aims to measure and estimate the most crucial socioeconomic characteristics that Southeast Asian countries leverage to advance women’s business initiatives. Design/methodology/approach Using a panel data model whereby the Female Entrepreneurship Indicator Score serves as the dependent variable and the ten most important socioeconomic indicators serve as the independent variables. Ten southeast Asian countries are analyzed using the panel fixed effects approach of Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MM-QR) from 1980 to 2021. Findings It has been found by empirical panel quantile regression using the MM-QR method that the following indicators positively affect female entrepreneurship in southeast Asian countries: the assets indicator, the pay indicator, the workplace indicator, the mobility indicator and the a woman can sign a contract in the same way as a man indicator. But the parenthood indicator, the unemployment indicator, the school enrollment indicator, the men and women have equal ownership rights to immovable property indicator and the marriage indicator all have negative effects. Originality/value This paper uses a new method called MM-QR to look at how the most important socioeconomic factors affect female entrepreneurship in Southeast Asian countries. The results obtained will also add to and broaden the small amount of research that has been done on female entrepreneurs in developing countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of socioeconomic factors on female entrepreneurship in Southeast Asian countries

Chikh-Amnache,

Mekhzoumi

2023

JEEE

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“…The reform led to an increase in the share of daughters who inherited land from their dead fathers, from 8 percent before the reform to 16 percent after (Deininger et al 2013) and was successful in terms of other outcomes besides land access. Women's labor supply increased (Heath and Tan 2020), as did daughters' educational attainment and entrepreneurial ventures (Deininger et al 2019;Naaraayanan 2020) and women's autonomy within their marital families (Roy 2008). However, Anderson and Genicot (2014) report a rise in suicides, which they speculate is a result of a backlash because of the increase in female bargaining power, resulting in greater marital conflict.…”

Section: Norms and Policy And Program Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reshaping Norms: A New Way Forward

2022

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Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 25 24 23 22This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

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“…A separate strand of work explains the labor-supply decisions of women and men as a function of deep-rooted social norms about the approprivate behavior of women (Alesina, Giuliano and Nunn, 2013;Giuliano, 2018;Grosjean and Khattar, 2019) and men (Baranov, De Haas and Grosjean, 2020). These norms can transmit across generations (Bisin and Verdier, 2001) and lead men and women to self-select into occupations that best match their self-perceived gender identity (Akerlof and Kranton, 2010); to forego entrepreneurial opportunities at odds with prevailing norms (Field, Jayachandran and Pande, 2010); and to be restricted in their choices because social norms have been codied into discriminatory laws (Naaraayanan, 2020). Our contribution is to connect both lines of literature by showing how social stereotypes about gender and entrepreneurship can generate nancial frictions in the form of biased guarantor requirements, especially in traditionally male industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discriminatory Lending: Evidence from Bankers in the Lab

Brock

Haas

2023

American Economic Journal: Applied Economics

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We implement a lab-in-the-field experiment with 334 Turkish loan officers to document gender discrimination in small business lending and unpack mechanisms. Officers review multiple real-life loan applications in which we randomize applicant gender. While unconditional approval rates are the same, officers are 26 percent more likely to require a guarantor when we present the same application as coming from a female instead of a male entrepreneur. A causal forest algorithm to estimate heterogeneous treatment effects reveals that discrimination is concentrated among young, inexperienced, and gender-biased officers. Discrimination mainly affects female loan applicants in male-dominated industries, indicating how financial frictions can perpetuate entrepreneurial gender segregation across sectors. (JEL C93, G21, G32, J16, L25, L26, O16)

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Women's inheritance rights and entrepreneurship gender gap

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of socioeconomic factors on female entrepreneurship in Southeast Asian countries

The influence of socioeconomic factors on female entrepreneurship in Southeast Asian countries

Reshaping Norms: A New Way Forward

Discriminatory Lending: Evidence from Bankers in the Lab

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