Women Victims of Intimate Partner Violence and Intimate Partner Homicide: A Typology Based on Victimization Variables

Abstract

Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) and intimate partner homicide against women (IPHAW) are multidimensional phenomena. The aim of this study was to identify typologies of Spanish IPHAW and IPVAW victims, based on the differences between their characteristics and the determinants of aggression. The sample consisted of 381 cases from the Spanish Integral Monitoring System in Cases of Gender Violence. The instrument used was a semistructured interview. Results showed differences between IPHAW and IPVAW victims, and latent class analysis suggested a three-profile solution: 1-fatal victims, with low neuroticism, low isolation, and feelings of loneliness, less reconciliation with the aggressor, lower perception of risk and low suicidal ideation; 2-non-fatal victims, with the loss of a loved one and the role of caregiver as stressors, low psychoticism and alcohol abuse, high feelings of loneliness, risk perception, and suicidal ideation; 3-mixed profile, with high neuroticism and psychoticism, alcohol abuse, isolation, and greater reconciliations with the aggressor, and absence of bereavement and caregiver role as stressors. Knowing the differences between IPHAW and IPVAW victims allows the design of more specific instruments for risk assessment and the design of more individualized prevention and treatment programs. This also facilitates police work in identifying victims and deploying more intense protection measures.

Beyond the Initial Assault: Characterizing Revictimization in Intimate Partner Violence and Its Implications for Women’s Health

“…Even though the profile and characteristics of the victimized and revictimized women were quite similar, it was identified that, as suggested by previous literature, women who experience greater economic precariousness, social isolation, and have children are those at higher risk of revictimization ( Cheng & Lo, 2015 ; Katerndahl, et al, 2013 ; Pineda et al, 2023 ). These data confirm that the chronic victimization of these women often forms part of a broader reality characterized by disadvantage and widespread social exclusion.…”

Personality Comparison between Lethal and Non-lethal Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators and Their Victims

“…The present study seeks to explore the differences in personality between lethal IPVAW perpetrators and non-lethal ones to deeply understand this risk factor at an individual level what makes someone commit homicide or aggression. Also, understanding IPVAW from a dyadic approach (Leone et al, 2016 ; Sommer et al, 2017 ), we aim to explore the differences between these perpetrator personalities and their victims and between both groups of victims as has been done in previous studies with other different characteristics of these populations (e.g., Pineda, Galán, et al, 2023 ; Pineda, Rico-Bordera, et al, 2023 ). Furthermore, due to its usefulness in this applied field, we aim to add research to the interpersonal accuracy field, by testing the accuracy of trained judges in assessing personality indirectly in non-laboratory conditions.…”

“…A second limitation is related to the correlational methods. Since the groups, although similar, were not matched attending to different sociodemographic variables, thus the personality differences might have been affected by variables like the number of stressors at the time of the events, lack of support from the perpetrator, or other variables that differentiate these groups (for more information about these differences, see Pineda, Galán, et al, 2023 ; Pineda, Rico-Bordera, et al, 2023 ).…”

Incertidumbres algorítmicas en torno a las violencias de género. El caso del sistema VioGén y otros sistemas de predicción del riesgo

“…Por su parte, Berk et al (2021) proporcionan un examen integrado de la equidad y precisión en las evaluaciones de riesgos de la justicia penal a partir de la revisión de la literatura existente en criminología, informática y estadística. Con el mismo propósito de diseñar instrumentos más específicos y eficaces para la evaluación del riesgo cabe mencionar los trabajos centrados en el refinamiento de las tipologías de las víctimas de violencia de género (Pineda et al, 2023;Vignola-Lévesque y Léveillée, 2022;Santos et al, 2022).…”