Women Who Did Not Succeed in the Work-Based Welfare Program

Hildebrandt, Eugenie

doi:10.1177/1527154405285396

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several studies noted that lone parents were at higher risk of role strain than two parent families [ 27 – 30 ], as they had less support with their domestic role, parenting duties and coping with the effects of poverty [ 27 – 31 ]. Combinations of circumstances, including health problems, care of extended family members, dangerous neighbourhoods, violence, frequent enforced residential moves, homelessness and domestic violence meant many lone parents struggled to cope with domestic obligations, and made trying to find and maintain work extremely difficult [ 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 ]. Some North American studies noted that few respondents had formal qualifications [ 28 – 30 , 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Respondents’ domestic role entailed having sole responsibility for caring and providing for their children, managing their household, and organising childcare during WtW and employment activities. When WtW requirements conflicted with sole responsibility for parenting, such as lack of childcare during WtW activities, caring obligations usually took priority [ 27 , 29 , 30 , 34 – 37 ]. This need to prioritise care of children could impact on participants’ ability to maintain work [ 28 , 35 ], resulting in absences and financial sanctions or loss of wages [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lone parents, health, wellbeing and welfare to work: a systematic review of qualitative studies

et al. 2016

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BackgroundLone parents and their children experience higher than average levels of adverse health and social outcomes, much of which are explained by high rates of poverty. Many high income countries have attempted to address high poverty rates by introducing employment requirements for lone parents in receipt of welfare benefits. However, there is evidence that employment may not reduce poverty or improve the health of lone parents and their children.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies reporting lone parents’ accounts of participation in welfare to work (WtW), to identify explanations and possible mechanisms for the impacts of WtW on health and wellbeing. Twenty one bibliographic databases were searched. Two reviewers independently screened references and assessed study quality. Studies from any high income country that met the criteria of focussing on lone parents, mandatory WtW interventions, and health or wellbeing were included. Thematic synthesis was used to investigate analytic themes between studies.ResultsScreening of the 4703 identified papers and quality assessment resulted in the inclusion of 16 qualitative studies of WtW in five high income countries, USA, Canada, UK, Australia, and New Zealand, covering a variety of welfare regimes. Our synthesis found that WtW requirements often conflicted with child care responsibilities. Available employment was often poorly paid and precarious. Adverse health impacts, such as increased stress, fatigue, and depression were commonly reported, though employment and appropriate training was linked to increased self-worth for some. WtW appeared to influence health through the pathways of conflict and control, analytical themes which emerged during synthesis. WtW reduced control over the nature of employment and care of children. Access to social support allowed some lone parents to manage the conflict associated with employment, and to increase control over their circumstances, with potentially beneficial health impacts.ConclusionWtW can result in increased conflict and reduced control, which may lead to negative impacts on mental health. Availability of social support may mediate the negative health impacts of WtW.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2880-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lone parents, health, wellbeing and welfare to work: a systematic review of qualitative studies

et al. 2016

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“…The employment predictors were age, race, type of psychiatric disability, TANF receipt, educational level, and employment status. Through statistical analysis of employment predictors, employment barriers were also revisited such as: low educational attainment, poverty-level income [5], mental health [18,39], and transportation [9,16]. Low educational attainment was represented by level of education at application and at closure (background contextual affordance), poverty-level income was represented by TANF receipt (person input), mental health was indicated by psychiatric disability as a primary and/or secondary disability (person input), and transportation was a VR service (contextual influence) provided to some of the women of color in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of particular interest are the employment barriers of women of color with psychiatric disabilities who receive TANF. Studies show that women who receive TANF have poor employment outcomes [6,18,29,36,39]. In addition, there is growing evidence indicating a high rate of psychiatric disabilities among this population of women, and studies linking psychiatric symptomology among TANF recipients to negative employment outcomes [19,23,29,97].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting employment outcomes among women of color with psychiatric disabilities

Vaughn

Boston

2010

Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation

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The purpose of this study was to examine employment predictors for women of color with psychiatric disabilities who received serves from state and federal vocational rehabilitation agencies and women of color with psychiatric disabilities who receive Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) benefits and services from state and federal vocational rehabilitation agencies using logistical regression regarding data from the Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) dataset. Demographic variables and vocational rehabilitation (VR) services were used to predict employment outcome. The sample size (N = 10,238) consisted of women of color with a psychiatric diagnosis. Within this group of women included 820 women of color who received TANF benefits. The results indicated that some demographic variables and VR services had a significant impact on employment outcomes. Regarding the women who did not receive TANF, educational level, employment status, and 11 vocational rehabilitation services predicted a successful employment outcome. Regarding TANF recipients, employment status and four vocational rehabilitation services predicted a successful employment outcome. Practice, research, and pedagogical implications regarding the results are discussed at the end of this manuscript.

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“…Women enrolled in welfare have higher rates of mental and physical health problems that persist over time than do women who have not been on welfare (Corcoran, Danziger, & Tolman, 2004; Hildebrandt, 2006; Loprest, 2002; Romero, Chavkin, Wise, Smith, & Wood, 2002). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Justice and Impoverished Women: The Ethical Implications of Work-Based Welfare

Hildebrandt

Ford

2009

Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice

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Current U.S. welfare policy, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, requires impoverished people to work in order to receive welfare, and it limits cash support to 5 years. Most of the people who have used this program are single-parent women, and a disturbing number have been terminated at 5 years, not having made a successful transition to work. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to explore the barriers to success and the social justice of the program from the perspective of single-parent women who were terminated. In all, 41 women were recruited through community-based purposive sampling, and the primary research methods were a qualitative, narrative interview approach and narrative analysis. Data from the semistructured interview guide are reported here. Findings describe health and socioeconomic burdens, and barriers that lie within the social policy. The study has ethical implications for nursing advocacy, and it informs nursing interventions for impoverished women and their families.

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Women Who Did Not Succeed in the Work-Based Welfare Program

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Lone parents, health, wellbeing and welfare to work: a systematic review of qualitative studies

Lone parents, health, wellbeing and welfare to work: a systematic review of qualitative studies

Predicting employment outcomes among women of color with psychiatric disabilities

Justice and Impoverished Women: The Ethical Implications of Work-Based Welfare

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