Women with metabolic syndrome show similar health benefits from high-intensity interval training than men

Abstract

High-intensity interval training (HIIT), is effective to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in adults. However, it is unclear if CRF and MetS components respond similarly in men and women after HIIT. For 16 weeks, 63 women (53±7 years) and 56 men (55±8 years) with MetS underwent a three day/week HIIT program. Bodyweight and composition, VO2MAX, surrogate parameters of CRF (Ventilatory threshold (VT), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) and VE/VCO2 slope), maximal rate of fat oxidation (MFO), and MetS components were assessed before and after training. All reported variables were analyzed by split-plot ANOVA looking for time by sex interactions. Before training men had higher absolute values of VO2MAX (58.6%), and MFO (24.6%), while lower body fat mass (10.5%) than women (all P<0.05). After normalization by fat-free mass (FFM), VO2MAX remained 16.6% higher in men (P<0.05), whereas differences in MFO disappeared (P = 0.292). After intervention VO2MAX (P<0.001), VO2 at VT (P<0.001), OUES (P<0.001), and VE/VCO2 slope (P<0.001) increased without differences by sex (P>0.05). After training MetS Z-score (P<0.001) improved without differences between men and women (P>0.05). From the MetS components, only blood pressure (P<0.001) and waist circumference (P<0.001) improved across time, without differences by sex. In both, women and men, changes in OUES (r = 0.685 and r = 0.445, respectively), and VO2 at VT (r = 0.378, and r = 0.445, respectively), correlated with VO2MAX. While only bodyweight changes correlated with MetS Z-score changes (r = 0.372, and = 0.300, respectively). Despite baseline differences, 16-weeks of HIIT similarly improved MetS, cardiorespiratory and metabolic fitness in women and men with MetS. This suggests that there are no restrictions due to sex on the benefits derived from an intense exercise program in the health of MetS participants.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov NCT03019796

The effect of dietary carbohydrate restriction and aerobic exercise on retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) in middle-aged men with metabolic syndrome

“…We also showed that exercise combined with KD significantly improved the Zmets compared to exercise alone. In line with our results, previous studies have shown that low carbohydrate diet (48) and a physical activity (49) interventions improve the most prevalent MetS components, especially MetS z-score (Zmets). Because the measures of interaction on the additive scale revealed that the combined effects of exercise and KD on Zmets were more than the sum of the individual effects, current results support their synergistic effect and importance for the control of metabolic syndrome conditions.…”

Effect of adding high-intensity interval training to diet and carboxytherapy on metabolic cardiovascular risk factors in women with metabolic syndrome

“…The major finding in the present study was the significantly greater improvement in the metabolic cardiovascular risk factors reported in the experimental group compared to the control group. This finding can be solely attributed to the HIIT, and it can be explained by several physiological adaptations/responses, as described by Serrablo-Torrejon et al [40], as follows: (a) HIIT-mediated reduction in waist circumference, an effect that was reported in metabolic syndrome by many studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The HIIT-induced decrease in WC can be related to reduced visceral or abdominal fatness owing to excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and increases in fat oxidation during recovery periods of HIIT [41].…”

“…In the last decade, a considerable number of studies have investigated the effectiveness of HIIT in metabolic syndrome [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. These studies have shown that HIIT is an effective exercise strategy in metabolic syndrome management yielding significant improvements in waist circumference (WC) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], serum triglycerides (TG) [10,19], systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], high-density lipoproteins (HDL) [9,19], blood glucose (BG) [10,11,15], and body weight and/or body mass index (BMI) [11,13,16,17]. Also, HIIT combined with dietary restriction has resulted in positive changes in the cardiometabolic profile in metabolic syndrome [20,21].…”

“…Also, HIIT combined with dietary restriction has resulted in positive changes in the cardiometabolic profile in metabolic syndrome [20,21]. The aforementioned studies have either examined the effect of HIIT in isolation [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] or in combination with diet [20,21]; however, no previous study has investigated the effectiveness of HIIT in combination with diet and carboxytherapy in the management of metabolic syndrome. Carboxytherapy or carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) therapy has been defined as the transcutaneous administration of CO 2 for remedial purposes and has been effective in the localized reduction of subcutaneous fat and waist/ central adiposity [22][23][24][25].…”

Comparação dos processos patológicos gerais no epitélio pulmonar de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos submetidos ao treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade

“…Além disso, estudos anteriores demonstraram resultados semelhantes em relação a perda de peso e melhora do condicionamento e resistência após a realização do HIIT em ratos Zucker (Maillard et al, 2019), crianças obesas (Liu, et al, 2019), mulheres com sobrepeso (Mirghani et al, 2019), e homens obesos (Smith-Ryan et al, 2015) o qual evidencia o benefício desse exercício, principalmente pelo fato de que a maioria das pessoas que praticam o HIIT, buscam pelo emagrecimento e melhora do condicionamento físico (Ito, 2019;Guio et al, 2019 (Adolfo et al, 2019).…”