“Wonderful! We’ve just missed the bus.” – Parental use of irony and children’s irony comprehension

Banasik-Jemielniak, Natalia; Bosacki, Sandra; Olechowska, Anna; Walters, Diana Wyrębek; Wisiecka, Katarzyna; Copeland, Natalia; Wieland, Lara; Popović, Ljiljana; Piper, Jovana; Siemieniuk, Aleksandra

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228538

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Filippova (2014) compared Canadian and Czech children in their development of understanding irony and concluded that, particularly for ironic praise, socialization plays a role. Polish children have also been found to use and understand irony at young ages (8-years-old) and their proficiency was related primarily to their mothers’ usage (Banasik-Jemielaniak et al, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Saying what you don’t mean: A cross-cultural study of perceptions of sarcasm.

Blasko¹,

Kazmerski²,

Dawood³

2021

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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Sarcasm is widely used, but its complexities are not well understood. Sarcastic utterances can have multiple nuanced meanings depending on individual differences of the speaker, listener, and the sociocultural context. The current study examined the views of 344 adults ages 31-55 in the United States, Mexico, and China. We used an online survey to ask participants to self-report how frequently they used sarcasm, under what circumstances, and for what reasons. They also completed the Hofstede Value Survey Module (HVSM) based on Hofstede's six dimensions of culture: Individualism/Collectivism, Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity/Femininity, Long Term Orientation, and Indulgence/Restraint. Respondents from the U.S. and Mexico, countries higher in Individualism and lower in Power Distance, reported more sarcasm use than respondents from China, a country higher in Power Distance and Collectivism. The most common reasons to use sarcasm in all three countries were "to be funny" and "to have fun with friends." Public Significance StatementIn many cases, people say one thing but mean another, for example saying, "What a wonderful child!" describing an unruly child. Comparing adults from three countries (China, Mexico, United States) showed differences in self-reported use and acceptance of sarcasm that related to culture. Adults in the United States, an individualistic country, used and appreciated sarcasm more than those in China, a more collectivistic society. Understanding these differences is key to successful cross-cultural communication.

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confidence: 99%

Saying what you don’t mean: A cross-cultural study of perceptions of sarcasm.

Blasko¹,

Kazmerski²,

Dawood³

2021

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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“…For some children comprehension ability may start even earlier, when they are 3-4 years of age (e.g., Angeleri & Airenti, 2014;Loukosa & Leinonen, 2008;Recchia et al, 2010). However, this early comprehension is typically associated with higher use of ironic language in family environments (Angeleri & Airenti, 2014;Recchia et al, 2010;Banasik-Jemielniak, et al, 2020). At the early stage of comprehension, children first learn to understand that with irony speakers say something other than what they mean.…”

Section: Children's Irony Comprehensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around age 7 to 8, children start to understand the ironic speaker's intent (Glenwright & Pexman, 2010;Harris & Pexman, 2003;Pexman et al, 2005) and children's irony comprehension accuracy usually exceeds guessing-level (e.g., Banasik-Jemielniak, et al, 2020;Dews et al, 1996;Filippova & Astington, 2008;Köder & Falkum, 2021;Loukusa & Leinonen, 2008;Pexman et al, 2005). For example, Dews et al (1996) showed short clips from children's favourite television cartoon shows (e.g., Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, and The Little Mermaid) containing irony to 5-6-year-olds, 8-9-year-olds, and adults.…”

Section: Children's Irony Comprehensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's processing of written irony: An eye-tracking study

Olkoniemi¹,

Halonen²,

Pexman³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Ironic language is challenging for many people to understand, and particularly for children. Comprehending irony is considered a major milestone in the development of children’s social cognition, as it requires inferring the intentions of the person who is being ironic. However, the theories of irony comprehension generally do not address developmental changes, and there are limited data on children’s processing of verbal irony. In the present pre-registered study, we examined, for the first time, how children process and comprehend written irony in comparison to adults. Seventy participants took part in the study (35 10-year-old children, and 35 adults). In the experiment, participants read ironic and literal sentences embedded in story contexts while their eye movements were recorded. They also responded to a text memory question and an inference question after each story, and children’s levels of reading skills were measured. Results showed that for both children and adults comprehending written irony was more difficult than literal texts, and was more challenging for children than adults. Moreover, children showed overall longer reading times than adults, but the irony effect was not larger for children. However, more accurate irony comprehension among children was qualified by faster reading times. Both children and adults were able to adapt to task context and improve their irony processing across trials. These results provide new insights about the costs of irony and development of the ability to overcome them.

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“…Irony has been studied by many research fields such as psychology [8], linguistics education [9], and computational science. It is used widely as an indirect negation in order to achieve different communication goals in many situations such as criticizing, make fun of people, and manipulate answers to upsetting questions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting Irony in Arabic Microblogs using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Alhaidari¹,

Alyoubi²,

Alotaibi³

2022

IJACSA

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A considerable amount of research has been developed lately to analyze social media with the intention of understanding and exploiting the available information. Recently, irony has took a significant role in human communication as it has been increasingly used in many social media platforms. In Natural Language Processing (NLP), irony recognition is an important yet difficult problem to solve. It is considered to be a complex linguistic phenomenon in which people means the opposite of what they literally say. Due to its significance, it becomes essential to analyze and detect irony in subjective texts to improve the analysis tools to classify people opinion automatically. This paper explores how deep learning methods can be employed to the detection of irony in Arabic language with the help of Word2vec term representations that converts words to vectors. We applied two different deep learning models; Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM). We tested our frameworks with a manually annotated datasets that was collected using Tweet Scraper. The best result was achieved by the CNN model with an F1 score of 0.87.

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“Wonderful! We’ve just missed the bus.” – Parental use of irony and children’s irony comprehension

Cited by 22 publications

References 49 publications

Saying what you don’t mean: A cross-cultural study of perceptions of sarcasm.

Saying what you don’t mean: A cross-cultural study of perceptions of sarcasm.

Children's processing of written irony: An eye-tracking study

Detecting Irony in Arabic Microblogs using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

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