Wood and Wood Joints

Zwerger, Klaus

doi:10.1515/9783035607314

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Wood-only connections have been used for centuries in timber construction both in eastern and western cultures [31]. In general, there are two basic types of wood-only connections available: (i) carpentry connections, such as mortise-tenon connections, and (ii) connections with wooden fasteners, such as wooden dowels.…”

Section: Wood-only Connections -Wooden Fastenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar Rectangular Slide-In Reciprocal Frame System Using Salvaged Timber and Wooden Nails

Ruan,

Filz,

Fink

2024

Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial

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Inspired by the traditional notched planar reciprocal frame (RF) that uses short elements to build load-bearing structures with a span longer than individual elements, we search for an innovative way of using salvaged timber for building RFs specifically connected with wooden nails. A planar rectangular slide-in RF system is proposed as a possible solution for salvaging timber in new applications and therefore also for minimising timber waste. The paper explores the potential of the proposed slide-in system considering aspects related to structure, architecture, fabrication, and assembly. Experimental and analytical investigations were carried out to understand the structural behaviour of the individual elements as well as the entire system. The feasibility of assembling was explored, and the resulting patterns and architectural spaces were illustrated. Based on the structural and architectural explorations, two design cases were physically realised. The benefits and limits are analysed, where the low-tech concept, the flexibility in layout, the predictivity of load-bearing capacity, and the ability of disassembly are highlighted, together with its limitations in load-bearing capacity and ductility.

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Section: Wood-only Connections -Wooden Fastenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar Rectangular Slide-In Reciprocal Frame System Using Salvaged Timber and Wooden Nails

Ruan,

Filz,

Fink

2024

Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial

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“…Recent works have been looking into robotic assembly strategies for structures that rely on friction-based wood/wood connections to achieve structural strength through tight-fitting. While these techniques are found in historical traditional construction methods worldwide (Zwerger, 2015), they have been poorly implemented in current construction practices in favor of more straightforward techniques where steel plates are added to fixate the wooden elements (Leśko, 2016). The process is materially inefficient and presents strong geometrical limitations that compromise the effective construction possibilities.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotic Assembly of Timber Structures in a Human-Robot Collaboration Setup

et al. 2022

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The construction sector is investigating wood as a highly sustainable material for fabrication of architectural elements. Several researchers in the field of construction are currently designing novel timber structures as well as novel solutions for fabricating such structures, i.e. robot technologies which allow for automation of a domain dominated by skilled craftsman. In this paper, we present a framework for closing the loop between the design and robotic assembly of timber structures. On one hand, we illustrate an extended automation process that incorporates learning by demonstration to learn and execute a complex assembly of an interlocking wooden joint. On the other hand, we describe a design case study that builds upon the specificity of this process, to achieve new designs of construction elements, which were previously only possible to be assembled by skilled craftsmen. The paper provides an overview of a process with different levels of focus, from the integration of a digital twin to timber joint design and the robotic assembly execution, to the development of a flexible robotic setup and novel assembly procedures for dealing with the complexity of the designed timber joints. We discuss synergistic results on both robotic and construction design innovation, with an outlook on future developments.

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“…In traditional woodcraft, there was a deeper understanding of wood properties and how to make the best use of different wood types compared to the modern building industry. Therefore, the research is inspired by traditional wood joinery [11] and shipbuilding [12], as well as historical vernacular construction types. Oakwood is strong and resistant and the Vikings' preferred material for shipbuilding.…”

Section: Traditional Woodcraftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timber structures made of naturally curved oak wood: prototypes and processes

Larsen

Aagaard

Hudert

et al. 2022

Archit. Struct. Constr.

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Highly optimised processing workflows characterise today's wood industry. The gained efficiency is mainly directed towards making standardised linear materials that fulfil the market's expectation of a continuous flow of identical products with certain constant specifications. The research presented here seeks to question these limitations and provide another approach to the use of wood in construction. The study involves complex geometry handling, architectural design, and material and structural considerations. Trees absorb CO 2 during growth, and as a construction material, wood can function as CO 2 storage, thereby reducing the levels in the atmosphere during the lifetime of the building-and even longer if the building components can be reused. We have seen a significant rise in wood construction over the past few years. This is partly due to growing climate awareness and the increased availability of engineered wood products (EWP). EWPs are reliant on uniform tree production. With growing interest in using wood for construction, an increase in plantation forests is predicted, leading to a lack of biodiversity in the affected areas. The consideration for the general climate expressed through the increased use of wood as a building material may thus appear to be in contrast to the efforts to improve biodiversity. This research seeks to provide an alternative route where non-uniform wood, usually used as firewood, can be used as a construction material. The project demonstrates possibilities that emerge from engaging with the wood as a specific occurrence of a biological entity rather than a standardised material. While historical precedents inspire the research, the project has been developed using digital tools, such as laser scanning, algorithmic design and robotic fabrication. We have developed a unique design-to-production workflow that uses curved natural wood in its original form to enable curved architectural designs. The workflow thereby links the inherent properties of the wood to a distinct mode of expression. The wood is retrieved from a sawmill that collects discarded tree trunks from local forests. The sawlogs are registered with a 3D scanner, and a customised parametric method is used to handle the geometric information and establish a database of the irregular saw logs. A custom-made algorithmic design tool identifies where the sawlogs fit best in a predefined construction design based on the database. Machining data is directly extracted for the subsequent robotic processing. The irregular shape of the material suggests a discrete analysis of the structural properties of each component. A series of destructive physical tests are carried out to indicate the capacity of the structural system and the joint solution. To demonstrate the viability of the workflow, study challenges in controlling tolerances and humidity, and develop an assembly strategy, we have produced a construction prototype of 15 members in the size of 3 m in width and 4 m in height.

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Wood and Wood Joints

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Planar Rectangular Slide-In Reciprocal Frame System Using Salvaged Timber and Wooden Nails

Planar Rectangular Slide-In Reciprocal Frame System Using Salvaged Timber and Wooden Nails

Robotic Assembly of Timber Structures in a Human-Robot Collaboration Setup

Timber structures made of naturally curved oak wood: prototypes and processes

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