Wood-Based Self-Supporting Nanoporous Three-Dimensional Electrode for High-Efficiency Battery Deionization

Abstract

Developing highly efficient advanced battery deionization (BDI) electrode materials at a low cost is vital for seawater desalination. Herein, a highefficiency wood-based BDI electrode has been fabricated for seawater desalination, benefiting from the self-supporting three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous structure and rich redox-active sites. The finely tuned rich electrochemical redox active C�O groups on the surface of the wood electrode derived from the facile thermochemical conversion of lignin play a crucial role in the Faradaic cation removal dynamics of BDI. Coupling the 3D wood electrode and a polyaniline-modified wood electrode as the cathode and anode, an all-wood-electrode-based deionization battery has been successfully assembled with a state-of-the-art ion removal capacity of up to 164 mg g −1 in seawater. Our work reported an example of utilizing wood as the BDI electrode via fine-tuning the redox-active sites, demonstrating a novel resource utilization pathway of converting cheap biomass into BDI electrodes for highly efficient seawater desalination.

Rational fabrication strategies of freestanding/binder-free electrodes for efficient capacitive deionization

“…Additionally, Wei et al 157 designed an all-wood-based battery deionization cell designated as battery deionization (BDI) comprising a self-supported wood electrode in conjunction with a freestanding polyaniline (PANI)-modified wood electrode serving as the cathode and anode, respectively. As shown in Fig.…”

Engineering Faradaic Electrode Materials for High‐Efficiency Water Desalination

“…For example, Chen and co-workers prepared the self-supported 3D nanoporous carbon electrode with rich redox-active sites through a combination of thermal treatment and chemical oxidation of waste pinewood (Figure 10e). [131] The fine-tuning redoxactive C═O functional groups on the surface of wood electrodes, transformed from thermos-chemical conversion of lignin, is of great importance for the faradaic cation removal dynamics. They further constructed an all-wood-electrode-based desalination cell by utilizing a wood cathode and a polyaniline-modified wood anode (Figure 10f).…”

Insights into desalination battery concepts: current challenges and future perspectives

“…Lastly, redox polymers have been paired with cation intercalation electrodes 97,98,153 or with surface modified carbons. 166 In this configuration, the Cl À ion is captured by a charge compensation mechanism.…”