Wood identification of two anatomically similar Cupressaceae species based on two-dimensional microfibril angle mapping

Abstract

Identifying two anatomically similar species of Cupressaceae, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Thujopsis spp., is important to better understand the culture of wood use in Japan. However, the conventional method, which involves observing their cross-field pitting, cannot identify them in many cases. This study solves the above problem by introducing an anatomical criterion based on the micro fibril angle (MFA). MFA values were obtained through two-dimensional MFA images using the uniaxial optical anisotropy of cellulose microfibrils. A combination of the preprocessed MFA images and a convolutional neural network (CNN) yielded an accuracy nearly of 90% in classifying these species in cases of present and old wood specimens. Our feature extraction and classification techniques provide a new way for describing the anatomical features of wood and identifying featureless softwoods. Using the model interpretation-related methodologies of the CNN, distinct features of the two wood species were partly explained by MFA anisotropy in the S2 wall induced by the existence of pits.

Plant microphenotype: from innovative imaging to computational analysis

“…Then, appropriate machine learning and deep learning models are selected for training. In recent years, numerous efficient phenotypic techniques have been developed for specific objects in microscopy images, such as leaf stomata (Liang et al ., 2022 ; Toda et al ., 2018 ), stem microfibril (Yusuke and Junji, 2021 ), vascular bundles (Du et al ., 2016 ), and root (Jiang et al ., 2022 ). Significant progress and improvement have been made in the technology and methods for phenotyping specific plant organs.…”

Intra-annual fluctuation in morphology and microfibril angle of tracheids revealed by novel microscopy-based imaging

“…Recently, attractive polarization optical microscopy (POM)-based techniques have been introduced for semiquantitative evaluation of MFA in plant cell walls from cell transverse sections [17][18][19][20]. This method is superior in obtaining not only MFA but also the transverse cell anatomical properties and cell spatial arrangement at the same time compared with other methods for measurement mentioned above.…”