Wood-inhabiting insects can function as targeted vectors for decomposer fungi

Jacobsen, Rannveig M.; Kauserud, Håvard; Sverdrup‐Thygeson, Anne; Bjorbækmo, Marit F.M.; Birkemoe, Tone

doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2017.06.006

Cited by 55 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…; Ghimire et al., ). Bark beetles often associate with micro‐organisms, in particular fungi, and therefore colonisation by beetles may facilitate establishment of fungal decomposers (Jacobsen, Kauserud, Sverdrup‐Thygeson, Bjorbækmo, & Birkemoe, ; Lieutier et al., ).…”

Section: Animals As Mediators Of Bark Effects On Wood Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cover uncovered: Bark control over wood decomposition

et al. 2018

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1. Woody debris (WD) represents a globally significant carbon stock and its decomposition returns nutrients to the soil while providing habitat to microbes, plants and animals. Understanding what drives WD decomposition is therefore important.2. WD decomposition rates differ greatly among species. However, the role of bark in the process remains poorly known.3. We ask how, and how much, interspecific variation in bark functional traits related to growth and protection have afterlife effects on the decomposition of wood, partly mediated by animals. We examine the roles of bark cover and bark traits throughout the wood decomposition process. 4.Synthesis. We find that: (1) bark effects on WD decomposition are species-and wood size-specific, (2) bark can enhance coarser WD decomposition but slows twig decomposition in some species, and (3) bark acts as an environmental filter to faunal assemblages in the early stage of wood decomposition. We highlight the need to account for bark effects on WD decomposition and offer an important complementary contribution to including woody species identity effects in biogeochemical and climate-change models via species bark traits. K E Y W O R D Sarthropod, bark traits, carbon cycling, coarse woody debris, decomposition, ecosystem function, fungi, species identity effect

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Section: Animals As Mediators Of Bark Effects On Wood Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cover uncovered: Bark control over wood decomposition

et al. 2018

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“…propagule dispersal (Jacobsen et al, 2017). Excluding invertebrates thereby excludes all these mechanisms, and we cannot determine the exact invertebrate-fungus interaction responsible for the influence on the fungal communities.…”

Section: Effect Of Invertebrate Exclusion On Fungal Community Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusion of invertebrates influences saprotrophic fungal community and wood decay rate in an experimental field study

et al. 2018

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Decomposer communities perform an essential ecosystem function by recycling nutrients. However, the effect of higher trophic levels on microbial decomposer communities and rate of decomposition is poorly understood. We therefore conducted an exclusion experiment to test the effect of invertebrates on fungal decomposer communities in dead wood, repeated at 30 sites in two landscapes, and measured wood density to assess effect on decay rate. Invertebrates were excluded from recently cut logs by cages with a 1‐mm‐mesh net, and fungal communities in caged logs were compared to logs accessible to invertebrates by DNA metabarcoding analyses. Accessible logs included control logs, cage control logs and positive control logs. We found that exclusion of invertebrates had a significant effect on fungal community composition. For example, the wood decay fungi Trametes versicolor and T. ochraceawere significantly more abundant in accessible logs than in caged logs. The strongest effect on fungal community composition, however, was attributed to differing baseline conditions in the individual trees. When accounting for these baseline differences, caged logs had significantly higher wood density than control logs after 2 years, indicating lower rates of wood decay in caged logs. Further studies, spanning several years, are required to fully understand the influence of invertebrates on fungi and wood decay. However, our results indicate that invertebrates influence both the composition of saprotrophic communities in dead wood and their decomposition function, which is vital to forest ecosystems. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13196/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wind is one of the most common dispersal mechanisms, and may play a significant role in WIF dispersal (Dighton & White, ; Jacobsen, Kauserud, Sverdrup‐Thygeson, Bjorbækmo, & Birkemoe, ; Peay & Bruns, ). Insect dispersal may also play an important role for WIF distribution as several species of saproxylic beetles in temperate forest have been found to be the vectors of many WIF species, including Fomitopsis pinicola , Fomes fomentarius , Trichaptum abietinum , and Trametes versicolor (Jacobsen et al, ). Nevertheless, we previously found no significant differences in either WIF richness or community composition between insect‐excluded deadwood (of Schima superba and Pinus massoniana ) and control material, and direct insect associated fungi, for example, insect parasites and endosymbionts were seldom detected in the deadwood (Purahong et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential links between wood‐inhabiting and soil fungal communities: Evidence from high‐throughput sequencing

et al. 2019

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Wood‐inhabiting fungi (WIF) are pivotal to wood decomposition, which in turn strongly influences nutrient dynamics in forest soils. However, their dispersal mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that the majority of WIF are soil‐borne. For this reason, the presented research aimed to quantify the contribution of soil as a source and medium for the dispersal of WIF to deadwood using high‐throughput sequencing. We tested effects of tree species (specifically Schima superba and Pinus massoniana) on the percentage of WIF shared between soil and deadwood in a Chinese subtropical forest ecosystem. We also assessed the taxonomic and ecological functional group affiliations of the fungal community shared between soil and deadwood. Our results indicate that soil is a major route for WIF colonization as 12%–15% (depending on the tree species) of soil fungi were simultaneously detected in deadwood. We also demonstrate that tree species (p < 0.01) significantly shapes the composition of the shared soil and deadwood fungal community. The pH of decomposing wood was shown to significantly correspond (p < 0.01) with the shared community of wood‐inhabiting (of both studied tree species) and soil fungi. Furthermore, our data suggest that a wide range of fungal taxonomic (Rozellida, Zygomycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota) and ecological functional groups (saprotrophs, ectomycorrhizal, mycoparasites, and plant pathogens) may use soil as a source and medium for transport to deadwood in subtropical forest ecosystem. While 12%–62% of saprotrophic, ectomycorrhizal, and mycoparasitic WIF may utilize soil to colonize deadwood, only 5% of the detected plant pathogens were detected in both soil and deadwood, implying that these fungi use other dispersal routes. Animal endosymbionts and lichenized WIF were not detected in the soil samples. Future studies should consider assessing the relative contributions of other possible dispersal mechanisms (e.g. wind, water splash, water dispersal, animal dispersal, and mycelial network) in the colonization of deadwood by soil fungi.

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Wood-inhabiting insects can function as targeted vectors for decomposer fungi

Cited by 55 publications

References 76 publications

The cover uncovered: Bark control over wood decomposition

The cover uncovered: Bark control over wood decomposition

Exclusion of invertebrates influences saprotrophic fungal community and wood decay rate in an experimental field study

Potential links between wood‐inhabiting and soil fungal communities: Evidence from high‐throughput sequencing

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