Woody biomass pretreatment for cellulosic ethanol production: Technology and energy consumption evaluation

Zhu, Junyong; Pan, Xuejun

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.007

Cited by 722 publications

(436 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Indeed, lignocellulosic material is constituted by three polymers closely linked which are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (Hendriks and Zeeman, 2009). The presence of lignin in this structure forms a physical barrier and induces a non-productive adsorption of enzyme (Zhu and Pan, 2010). Therefore, a pretreatment is needed to disrupt the lignocellulosic biomass structure in order to increase the accessibility to cellulose and thus its biodegradability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing solubilisation and methane production kinetic of switchgrass by microwave pretreatment

Jackowiak

Frigon

Ribeiro

et al. 2011

Bioresource Technology

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This study investigated the effects of microwave pretreatment of switchgrass in order to enhance its anaerobic digestibility. Response surface analysis was applied to screen the effects of temperature and time of microwave pretreatment on matter solubilisation. The composite design showed that only temperature had a significant effect on solubilisation level. Then the effects of the microwave pretreatment were correlated to the pretreatment temperature. The sCOD/tCOD ratio was equal to 9.4% at 90°C and increased until 13.8% at 180°C. The BMP assays of 42 days showed that microwave pretreatment induced no change on the ultimate volume of methane but had an interesting effect on the reaction kinetic. Indeed, the time required to reach 80% of ultimate volume CH 4 is reduced by 4.5 days at 150°C using the microwave pretreatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing solubilisation and methane production kinetic of switchgrass by microwave pretreatment

Jackowiak

Frigon

Ribeiro

et al. 2011

Bioresource Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Even though there are strong policies supporting the development and commercialization of advanced biofuel, many of these projects are stymied at the blend wall until more refineries are able overcome barriers moving their stalled projects to production and commercialization. Janssen et al (2013) Funding, technology Lang (2013 a, b) Technology based on low process yields and high production costs Lu (2010) Barriers to production are technology-based high production costs Cheng and Timilsina (2010) Project closures due to low oil prices below $100/barrel, global financial situation, changing government support policies, immature processing technology, production costs, economic hurdles, and no clear choice for best technology pathway Sims et al (2009) There are a number of technical processing barriers that need to be overcome before full potential production is possible Naik et al (2009) Suggested that technological process scaling was a major barrier to commercial biofuel production Zu and Pan (2009) The early adopters of lignocellulosic technology were expected to carry the perceived risk of investment of uncertain technology, and that feedstock represents half of total production costs Bohlmann (2006) The barriers of technology and recalcitrance are major economic and operational challenges Lynd et al (2005) Knowledge gaps from the broad barrier categories are not precise enough to fully aid in developing an industry and its needed infrastructure. Furthermore, 75% of advanced biofuel projects have been lost since inception by 2013 (Lang 2013a, b).…”

Section: Policies Impacting Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioeconomy Survey Results Regarding Barriers to the United States Advanced Biofuel Industry

2017

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Although the 2005 Environmental Protection Act (EPAct) was enacted to bolster the emerging biofuel industry, 52% of advanced biofuel (AB) projects ended by 2015. However, there are no complete lists of internal and external barriers that can help to explain why these projects are failing. The goal of this study was to develop a list of barriers impeding advanced biofuel projects by conducting a survey of biofuel stakeholders. Based on a literature review and previous research, a list of 23 hypothesized internal and external barriers was elaborated. A survey was conducted to have industry stakeholders provide their perception on the list of hypothesized barriers. The perceptions of industry stakeholders were analyzed by dividing the sample in three different stakeholder groups: advanced biofuel industry members, government representatives, and a third category called others that included publishers, journalists, suppliers, and other related stakeholders to the industry. In addition, nonparametric statistical techniques were used to compare the perceptions of the groups. The most significant results indicated that Technology issues was considered as an internal barrier for the three groups while Funding and Renewable Fuel Standards were perceived as external barriers by the three groups too. In addition, the rating of barriers was further analyzed only by AB industry stakeholders in order to uncover more details on the perception of barriers that might be preventing the AB industry to prosper.

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“…Chipping is used for coarse mechanical size reduction of woody biomass to an average size of 30 mm by 30 mm by 10 mm. Chipping of woody biomass is reported to require 0.155 mmBTU/st [Zhu, 2010].…”

Section: Pretreatment: Size Reduction and Dryingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of tamarisk as a potential feedstock for biofuel production.

Sun¹,

Norman²

2011

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This study assesses the energy and water use of saltcedar (or tamarisk) as biomass for biofuel production in a hypothetical sub-region in New Mexico. The baseline scenario consists of a rural stretch of the Middle Rio Grande River with 25% coverage of mature saltcedar that is removed and converted to biofuels. A manufacturing system life cycle consisting of harvesting, transportation, pyrolysis, and purification is constructed for calculating energy and water balances. On a dry short ton woody biomass basis, the total energy input is approximately 8.21 mmBTU/st. There is potential for 18.82 mmBTU/st of energy output from the baseline system. Of the extractable energy, approximately 61.1% consists of bio-oil, 20.3% bio-char, and 18.6% biogas. Water consumptive use by removal of tamarisk will not impact the existing rate of evapotranspiration. However, approximately 195 gal of water is needed per short ton of woody biomass for the conversion of biomass to biocrude, three-quarters of which is cooling water that can be recovered and recycled. The impact of salt presence is briefly assessed. Not accounted for in the baseline are high concentrations of Calcium, Sodium, and Sulfur ions in saltcedar woody biomass that can potentially shift the relative quantities of bio-char and bio-oil. This can be alleviated by a pre-wash step prior to the conversion step. More study is needed to account for the impact of salt presence on the overall energy and water balance. 4

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Woody biomass pretreatment for cellulosic ethanol production: Technology and energy consumption evaluation

Cited by 722 publications

References 62 publications

Enhancing solubilisation and methane production kinetic of switchgrass by microwave pretreatment

Enhancing solubilisation and methane production kinetic of switchgrass by microwave pretreatment

Bioeconomy Survey Results Regarding Barriers to the United States Advanced Biofuel Industry

Use of tamarisk as a potential feedstock for biofuel production.

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