Woody plants in the formation of the landscape outline of the Landscape Park on Solomyanska Street in Kyiv

Abstract

An important factor in shaping the three-dimensional structure of park landscapes is the construction of landscape paintings. Under conditions of complex relief, the visual perception of the territory, in addition to the features of orography, is influenced by plant elements of the composition. A review of the literature showed insufficient coverage of the research issue, especially in terms of determining the specific three-dimensional parameters of the influence of woody vegetation on the landscape. Assessment of changes in the visual qualities of park landscapes under conditions of complex terrain is based on field survey and detection of changes in the contour of the landscape through a formal analysis of the silhouettes of the terrain and woody plants. This study considers the possibilities of a park environment forming by modelling the outline of the landscape of complex terrain plantings. A visual analysis of the landscape outline was carried out and methods of its modelling with woody plants were established in the Landscape Park on Solomyanska Street in Kyiv, which is located in the ridge and ravine system of the Mokra Kuchmyny Yar River. As a result of research, three methods of modelling the relief contour according to four typical schemes in these orographic conditions were revealed: reinforcement by trees and bushes, reinforcement by trees, repetition by trees, and levelling by trees. The conditions for the formation of existing modelling techniques according to the parameters of exposure, steepness and the existing difference in slope heights are determined. Their influence on the perception of landscape park paintings by the observer is established. The results of the study show a significant level of influence of plants on the aesthetic qualities of the park landscape. Vegetation is the main tool for creating space in the park landscape and can be used as structural elements. The decorative properties of plants often play a supporting role in these situations. The identified features of the landscape space, including the topography of the area and vegetation, will contribute to the further formation of the visual concept under conditions of complex terrain. Further research is planned to program the observer's perception of the park space using the techniques of modelling the outline of the landscape with woody plants.