Woody species diversity as an indicator of the forest recovery after shifting cultivation disturbance in the northern Amazon

Villa, Pedro Manuel; Martins, Sebastião Venâncio; Neto, Sílvio Nolasco de Oliveira; Rodrigues, Alice Cristina; Safar, Nathália Vieira Hissa; Monsanto, Luisa Delgado; Cancio, Norman Mota; Ali, Arshad

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.08.005

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…We calculated the dissimilarity in species composition between three topographic levels, two seasons, and four years using the taxonomic β-diversity decomposition approach proposed by Baselga (2010Baselga ( , 2012. For the β-diversity decomposition three pairwise β-diversity metrics were calculated (e.g., Villa et al 2018). First, βsor accounts for the total compositional variation between seedling assemblages (including both turnover and nestedness patterns) using Sørensen dissimilarity index (β sor ).…”

Section: Data and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, βsne represents nestedness-resultant dissimilarity, which measures how dissimilar the sites are due to a nested pattern (Baselga et al 2010). βsne was calculated as the difference between βsor and βsim (e.g., Baselga, 2010, 2012, Villa et al 2018.…”

Section: Data and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The habitat heterogeneity can allow to increase the number of coexisting species and therefore shapes the community assembly (Brown et al 2013, Rodrigues et al 2019a. Alternatively, disturbance can cause divergence in community composition (high β-diversity) by increasing habitat filtering across environmental gradients (Myers et al 2015, Villa et al 2018; for instance, the seasonal flooding in the Pantanal wetland regulates the seedlings richness and abundance of the seed bank (Bao et al 2014(Bao et al , 2017. Possibly biological cycle is an important mechanism that allows maintaining this pattern; for example, the annual species tend to maintain persistent seed bank in the soil (Girard et al 2010).…”

Section: Response Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a series of papers brought key conceptual advances for the disentanglement of the patterns underlying pairwise dissimilarity in species composition (Baselga 2010, 2012, Carvalho et al 2012. Thus, previous studies have shown how different types of disturbances can cause high environmental heterogeneity and promotes high temporal and spatial β-diversity (e.g., Tonkin et al 2017, Villa et al 2018. For this reason, it is presumed that disturbance by flood dynamics can be inducing changes in β-diversity on a spatial (topographic gradient), and temporal scale (between seasons and years) in seedling communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topography and Seasonality Promotes Taxonomic Beta Diversity of Seedlings in a Tropical Wetland

et al. 2019

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Spatial and temporal beta diversity of seedlings in tropical wetland remain poorly understood. We assessed the ecological pattern of taxonomic beta diversity of seedling assemblages along a topographic gradient, seasonally flooded disturbance, and sampling years in a tropical wetland. We tested that seasonally flooded disturbance on seedling assemblage promotes a high taxonomic beta diversity due to a high taxonomic turnover along the topographical gradient. Here we examined a large database from 200 plots (each having 0.5 × 0.5 m), across eight seasonally flooded grasslands in the Pantanal of central-west Brazil. We selected data on ponds for four years at two characteristic hydrological phases per year: post-flood (July and August), and post-dry season (October and November). We classified the topographical gradient into three levels 1) low-longer duration of flood; 2) mid-intermediate level; and 3) high-short duration of flood (dry soil). For both post-flood and post-dry seasons, we counted the number of seedlings within five plots at each topographic level. Additionally, taxonomic beta diversity was examined via novel abundance-based metrics (including both turnover and nestedness patterns). Overall, taxonomic beta diversity was consistently higher in high topographic level and post-dry season plots. We observed differences in beta diversity components between topographical levels, seasons and years. Topographical gradient and seasonally flooded promotes more variation in taxonomic turnover and beta diversity; due to these environmental filters we presume that the resulting beta diversity can be decisive in the species diversity in this tropical wetland.

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Section: Data and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Response Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topography and Seasonality Promotes Taxonomic Beta Diversity of Seedlings in a Tropical Wetland

et al. 2019

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“…Poorter et al 2017;, such as seed dispersal syndrome and regeneration strategies (Wright et al 2005;Reich 2014;Santos-Silva et al 2016). In this sense, there is strong evidence that during the early stages of tropical forest succession, light-demanding pioneer species dominate (Guariguata and Ostertag 2001;Villa et al 2018aVilla et al , 2019 along with non-zoochoric pioneer species (Tabarelli et al 2010(Tabarelli et al , 2012. Along the succession, the pioneer species are gradually replaced by shade-tolerant species due to decreasing light in the understory (Chazdon 2014;Villa et al 2018a;Poorter et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian Atlantic forest carbon stocks undergoing active restoration after bauxite mining exploration: an approach based on functional attributes

Balestrin¹,

Sv²,

Villa³

2020

Preprint

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Background: Tropical forests are important carbon sinks at the global scale. They are important reservoirs of terrestrial carbon and play a fundamental role in global climate regulation. We evaluated the tree species diversity and dominance patterns in stem and carbon stocks in a Brazilian Atlantic forest restored after bauxite mining exploration in the state of Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil.Methods: Aboveground carbon was estimated for a permanent 1-ha forest restored after 14 years, measuring all trees with a circumference at breast height (CBH) ≥ 15 cm, planted during restoration. We studied species richness, community composition and stem- and carbon-dominant species based on two categorical functional attributes associated with forest regeneration (successional strategy and dispersal syndrome).Results: The restored forest obtained a high carbon accumulation (~58 Mg ha -1 ), between two and three times more than second-growth forests with the same or more time for natural regeneration, when compared with other restored Brazilian seasonal semideciduous Atlantic Forest stands. The restored forest presented a marked local carbon dominance, with ~7.5% of the tree species of the community representing 50% of the total aboveground carbon (AGC). Anemochoric and zoochoric species presented a similar pattern of carbon dominance, while the initial second-growth species presented a higher carbon storage capacity than the pioneer species.Conclusions: Our findings stress the importance of analysing the relative contributions of species, classified by functional attributes and by their dominance, to ecosystem functioning at fine-scale active restoration.

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Rapid recovery of tropical forest diversity and structure after shifting cultivation in the Philippines uplands

Mukul

Herbohn

Firn

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Shifting cultivation is a widespread land‐use in the tropics that is considered a major threat to rainforest diversity and structure. In the Philippines, a country with rich biodiversity and high rates of species endemism, shifting cultivation, locally termed as kaingin, is a major land‐use and has been for centuries. Despite the potential impact of shifting cultivation on forests and its importance to many people, it is not clear how biodiversity and forest structure recover after kaingin abandonment in the country, and how well these post‐kaingin secondary forests can complement the old‐growth forests. We investigated parameters of forest diversity and structure along a fallow age gradient in secondary forests regenerating after kaingin abandonment in Leyte Island, the Philippines (elevation range: 445–650 m asl). We first measured the tree diversity and forest structure indices in regenerating secondary forests and old‐growth forest. We then measured the recovery of tree diversity and forest structure parameters in relation to the old‐growth forest. Finally, using linear mixed effect models (LMM), we assessed the effect of different environmental variables on the recovery of forest diversity and structure. We found significantly higher species density in the oldest fallow sites, while Shannon’s index, species evenness, stem number, basal area, and leaf area index were higher in the old‐growth forest. A homogeneous species composition was found across the sites of older fallow age. Multivariate analysis revealed patch size as a strong predictor of tree diversity and forest structure recovery after shifting cultivation. Our study suggests that, secondary forests regenerating after shifting cultivation abandonment can recover rapidly. Although recovery of forest structure was not as rapid as the tree diversity, our older fallow sites contained a similar number of species as the old‐growth forest. Many of these species are also endemic to the Philippines. Novel and emerging ecosystems like tropical secondary forests are of high conservation importance and can act as a refuge for dwindling tropical forest biodiversity.

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Woody species diversity as an indicator of the forest recovery after shifting cultivation disturbance in the northern Amazon

Cited by 44 publications

References 48 publications

Topography and Seasonality Promotes Taxonomic Beta Diversity of Seedlings in a Tropical Wetland

Topography and Seasonality Promotes Taxonomic Beta Diversity of Seedlings in a Tropical Wetland

Brazilian Atlantic forest carbon stocks undergoing active restoration after bauxite mining exploration: an approach based on functional attributes

Rapid recovery of tropical forest diversity and structure after shifting cultivation in the Philippines uplands

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