The
development of a natural, additive-free, absorbable sponge
with procoagulant activity for noncompressible hemostasis remains
a challenging task. In this study, we extracted high molecular weight
keratin (HK) from human hair and transformed it into a hemostatic
sponge with a well-interconnected pore structure using a foaming technique,
freeze-drying, and oxidation cross-linking. By controlling the cross-linking
degree, the resulting sponge demonstrated excellent liquid absorption
ability, shape recovery characteristics, and robust mechanical properties.
The HK10 sponge exhibited rapid liquid absorption, expanding up to
600% within 5 s. Moreover, the HK sponge showed superior platelet
activation and blood cell adhesion capabilities. In SD rat liver defect
models, the sponges demonstrated excellent hemostatic performance
by sealing the wound and expediting coagulation, reducing the hemostatic
time from 825 to 297 s. Furthermore, HK sponges have excellent biosafety,
positioning them as a promising absorbable sponge with the potential
for the treatment of noncompressible hemostasis.