Word Prediction Support Model for SSVEP-Based BCI Web Speller

Saboor, Abdul; Benda, Mihaly; Gembler, Felix; Volosyak, Ivan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20521-8_36

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The average accuracy and ITR of this study were 92.25% and 37.62 bpm, respectively [ 65 ]. In later research, spelling prediction based on the Leipzig Corpora Collection was added to this web speller to yield an average accuracy of 92.5% and an ITR of 18.8 bpm [ 66 ].…”

Section: Ssvep-based Bci Spellersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, word prediction has improved the performance of spellers [ 18 , 24 , 59 , 61 , 66 , 73 ]. Adding a word prediction function to the SSVEP speller can enable users to directly select words when a spelling prompt presents it, instead of having to enter every letter of it.…”

Section: Trends Challenges Prospective Directions and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, many paradigms have been proposed. In past studies, more than 20 paradigms have been proposed one after another, and can be mainly divided into two kinds: multi-stage paradigms [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ] and one-stage paradigms [ 69 , 70 , 71 ]. It is easy to conclude that the multi-stage speller is easier to design and implement because of its less stringent requirement on the number of frequencies of the stimulus, but the ITR is relatively slow.…”

Section: Trends Challenges Prospective Directions and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain–Computer Interface Speller Based on Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential: A Review Focusing on the Stimulus Paradigm and Performance

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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The steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), measured by the electroencephalograph (EEG), has high rates of information transfer and signal-to-noise ratio, and has been used to construct brain–computer interface (BCI) spellers. In BCI spellers, the targets of alphanumeric characters are assigned different visual stimuli and the fixation of each target generates a unique SSVEP. Matching the SSVEP to the stimulus allows users to select target letters and numbers. Many BCI spellers that harness the SSVEP have been proposed over the past two decades. Various paradigms of visual stimuli, including the procedure of target selection, layout of targets, stimulus encoding, and the combination with other triggering methods are used and considered to influence on the BCI speller performance significantly. This paper reviews these stimulus paradigms and analyzes factors influencing their performance. The fundamentals of BCI spellers are first briefly described. SSVEP-based BCI spellers, where only the SSVEP is used, are classified by stimulus paradigms and described in chronological order. Furthermore, hybrid spellers that involve the use of the SSVEP are presented in parallel. Factors influencing the performance and visual fatigue of BCI spellers are provided. Finally, prevailing challenges and prospective research directions are discussed to promote the development of BCI spellers.

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Section: Ssvep-based Bci Spellersmentioning

confidence: 99%