Word selection deficits and multiword speech

Schnur, Tatiana T.

doi:10.1080/02643294.2017.1313215

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The findings reported in this case study, together with previous related work from our group (Chernoff et al, 2018), suggest a hypothesis about why that may be the case. Future work is needed in order to integrate the SCOPE hypothesis with recent neurocognitive models of lexical access (Anders et al, 2017;Schnur, 2017;Belke, 2017;Nozari & Hepner, 2018), existing neurobiological models of speech production such as GODIVA (Bohland et al, 2010), and network level hodotopic models of the language system (Duffau et al, 2014;2015) . Finally, to properly evaluate the SCOPE hypothesis it will be necessary to systematically test speech fluency A. Coronal series showing the frontal aslant tract (blue-light blue gradient), the u-shaped fibers connecting the middle and superior frontal gyrus (red-yellow gradient), and the lesion visible in the T1 image, with track counts in each voxel B.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct electrical stimulation of the left frontal aslant tract disrupts sentence planning without affecting articulation

Chernoff

Sims

Smith

et al. 2019

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Sentence production involves mapping from deep structures that specify meaning and thematic roles to surface structures that specify the order and sequencing of production ready elements. We propose that the frontal aslant tract is a key pathway for sequencing complex actions with deep hierarchical structure. In the domain of language, and primarily with respect to the left FAT, we refer to this as the 'Syntagmatic Constraints On Positional Elements' (SCOPE) hypothesis. One prediction made by the SCOPE hypothesis is that disruption of the frontal aslant tract should disrupt sentence production at grammatical phrase boundaries, with no disruption of articulatory processes. We test this prediction in a patient undergoing direct electrical stimulation mapping of the frontal aslant tract during an awake craniotomy to remove a left frontal brain tumor. We found that stimulation of the left FAT prolonged inter-word durations at the start of grammatical phrases, while inter-word durations internal to noun phrases were unaffected, and there was no effect on intra-word articulatory duration. These results provide initial support for the SCOPE hypothesis, and motivate novel directions for future research to explore the functions of this recently discovered component of the language system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct electrical stimulation of the left frontal aslant tract disrupts sentence planning without affecting articulation

Chernoff

Sims

Smith

et al. 2019

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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“…In the left hemisphere, a connection exists between the Broca region and the SFG (98), and lesions to the left lateral prefrontal cortex impaired decision threshold adjustment for lexical selection (99). In combination with the left IFG, SFG has been shown to be involved in word selection (100) and with conceptually driven word retrieval (101). Moreover, increased predictability was associated with activation in medial and left lateral prefrontal cortices (94).…”

Section: Extended Spatial Activation With Bimodal Hearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Speech-Related Brain Activity During Adaptation to Electro-Acoustic Hearing

et al. 2020

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Objectives: Hearing improves significantly with bimodal provision, i.e., a cochlear implant (CI) at one ear and a hearing aid (HA) at the other, but performance shows a high degree of variability resulting in substantial uncertainty about the performance that can be expected by the individual CI user. The objective of this study was to explore how auditory event-related potentials (AERPs) of bimodal listeners in response to spoken words approximate the electrophysiological response of normal hearing (NH) listeners. Study Design: Explorative prospective analysis during the first 6 months of bimodal listening using a within-subject repeated measures design. Setting: Academic tertiary care center. Participants: Twenty-seven adult participants with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss who received a HiRes 90K CI and continued use of a HA at the non-implanted ear. Age-matched NH listeners served as controls. Intervention: Cochlear implantation. Main Outcome Measures: Obligatory auditory evoked potentials N1 and P2, and the event-related N2 potential in response to monosyllabic words and their reversed sound traces before, as well as 3 and 6 months post-implantation. The task required word/nonword classification. Stimuli were presented within speech-modulated noise. Loudness of word/non-word signals was adjusted individually to achieve the same intelligibility across groups and assessments. Results: Intelligibility improved significantly with bimodal hearing, and the N1-P2 response approximated the morphology seen in NH with enhanced and earlier responses to the words compared to their reversals. For bimodal listeners, a prominent negative deflection was present between 370 and 570 ms post stimulus onset (N2), irrespective of stimulus type. This was absent for NH controls; hence, this response did not approximate the NH response during the study interval. N2 source localization evidenced extended activation of general cognitive areas in frontal and prefrontal brain areas in the CI group. Balkenhol et al. Adaptation to Electro-Acoustic Hearing Conclusions: Prolonged and spatially extended processing in bimodal CI users suggests employment of additional auditory-cognitive mechanisms during speech processing. This does not reduce within 6 months of bimodal experience and may be a correlate of the enhanced listening effort described by CI listeners.

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“…While logically, a paraphasia should arise from damage to a brain area associated with the category of the paraphasia (i.e. left hemisphere anterior temporal lobe and semantically related errors), and therefore brain damage associated with paraphasias in connected speech and naming should be similar, there is a body of literature in neurotypical adults and adults with neurogenic communication disorders that connected speech involves the interaction of brain areas important for cognitive processes not usually found in single-word retrieval, such as inhibition and working memory (Coelho et al, 1995;Wright et al, 2014;Schnur, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural organization of speech production: A lesion-based study of error patterns in connected speech

Stark

Basilakos

Hickok

et al. 2019

Cortex

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While numerous studies have explored single-word naming, few have evaluated the behavioral and neural correlates of more naturalistic language, like connected speech, which we produce every day. Here, in a retrospective analysis of 120 participants at least six months following left hemisphere stroke, we evaluated the distribution of word errors (paraphasias) and associated brain damage during connected speech (picture description) and object naming. While paraphasias in connected speech and naming shared underlying neural substrates, analysis of the distribution of paraphasias suggested that lexical-semantic load is likely reduced during connected speech. Using voxelwise lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM), we demonstrated that verbal (real word: semantically related and unrelated) and sound (phonemic and neologistic) paraphasias during both connected speech and naming loaded onto the left hemisphere ventral and dorsal streams of language, respectively. Furthermore, for the first time using both connected speech and naming data, we localized semantically related paraphasias to more anterior left hemisphere temporal cortex and unrelated paraphasias to more posterior left temporal and temporoparietal cortex. The connected speech results, in particular, highlight a gradient of specificity as one translates visual recognition from left temporo-occipital cortex to posterior and subsequently anterior temporal cortex. The robustness of VLSM results for sound paraphasias derived during connected speech was notable, in that analyses performed on sound paraphasias from the connected speech task, and not the naming task, demonstrated significant results following removal of lesion volume variance and related apraxia of speech variance. Therefore, connected speech may be a particularly sensitive task on which to evaluate further lexical-phonological processing in the brain. The results presented here demonstrate the related, though different, distribution of paraphasias during connected speech, confirm that paraphasias arising in connected speech and single-word naming

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Word selection deficits and multiword speech

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Direct electrical stimulation of the left frontal aslant tract disrupts sentence planning without affecting articulation

Direct electrical stimulation of the left frontal aslant tract disrupts sentence planning without affecting articulation

Changes in Speech-Related Brain Activity During Adaptation to Electro-Acoustic Hearing

Neural organization of speech production: A lesion-based study of error patterns in connected speech

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